Does bilingualism help memory?: Competing effects of verbal ability and executive control

• Autores: Zofia Wodniecka, Fergus I. M. Craik, Lin Luo, Ellen Bialystok
• Localización: International journal of bilingual education and bilingualism, ISSN 1367-0050, Vol. 13, Nº. 5, 2010 (Ejemplar dedicado a: INTERACTIVE INFLUENCES IN BILINGUAL PROCESSING AND DEVELOPMENT), págs. 575-595
• Idioma: inglés
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• Resumen

  • Two studies are reported that explore the effect of bilingualism on memory performance. Following previous reports of a bilingual advantage in executive control that sometimes shows a greater advantage in older adults, we compared younger and older monolinguals and bilinguals on a memory paradigm that yielded separate measures of familiarity and recollection. As expected, there were no consistent effects in familiarity, but there were age and language differences in recollection, a measure reflecting executive control. Younger adults were superior to older adults on this measure, but there was minimal support for a bilingual advantage in the younger group. Older bilingual adults did show such an advantage, especially on non-verbal tasks. The results provide some initial evidence for the interrelations among processing abilities, types of material, bilingualism, and aging in assessments of memory performance.