The conservation of cultural heritage is a major commitment for all countries around the world, since it is a complex task and a matter of great responsibility. Amongst other sectors of society, science has a contribution to make to heritage preservation. This book is the result of the International Conference of Heritage, Weathering and Conservation-- (HWC2006), held in Madrid, Spain in 2006. It brought together prominent scientists and professionals from a variety of disciplines who have been active in the field and have raised the profile of heritage preservation. The main aspects addressed at this conference were those related to the causes of decay of cultural materials (stone, ceramics, metals, paintings, mortars, timber, adobes, etc); the characterization of their properties and the assessment of analytical techniques for their study, with a focus on non-destructive techniques. Many of the studies stress the importance of salt crystallization, atmospheric pollution and biodeterioration and relate these specific factors to decay. A variety of case studies are included, as well as an examination of policies and management. This book will be useful to professionals and scientists working in a variety of fields related to heritage: geologists, geographers, chemists, physicists, biologists, architects, engineers, restorers, historians, archaeologists, policy makers and the general public.
Maastricht limestone: A regionally significant building stone in Belgium and The Netherlands. Extremely weak, yet time-resistant
C. Wim Dubelaar, Michiel Dusar, Roland Dreesen, Werner M. Felder, Timo G. Nijland
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Building stones from a muddy delta: Native natural stone from The Neterlands
Timo G. Nijland, C. Wim Dubelaar, Hendrik Jan Tolboom, Rob P. J. Van Hees
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Simulated aging of lime mortars: A mechanical property, structural and compositional study
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Mortar analysis of samples from the Royal Botanic Gardens, Sydney
Theodoros Markopoulos, Deirdre Dragovich, Vasileios Perdikatsis, Eftychia Repouskou
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Study of old and rehabilitation mortars by common analytical techniques
S. F. Marques, Victor M. Ferreira, Joao Labrincha, Luis M. Silva
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Characterization of Roman mortars from the historical town of Mertola
António Santos Silva, João M. Ricardo, Manuela Lemos Salta, Patrícia Adriano, José Mirão, António Candeias, Santiago Macias
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Preliminary studies on the development of lime based mortars for adobe masonry
Helena Paiva, E. Marques, Ana Luísa Velosa, João Coroado, Joao Labrincha, Victor M. Ferreira
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Researches in Islamic Tapia Wall Construction in Southern Spain
Amparo Graciani García, Ángela Barrios Padura, Miguel Ángel Tabales Rodríguez, Jesús Barrios Sevilla
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The pottery of a peasant community in the archaeological zone of Las Médulas (León, Spain): Archaeometry of pottery from the side of Orellán, I-II centuries A.D.
Manuel García Heras, Noemí Carmona Tejero, María Ángeles Villegas Broncano, María Dolores Fernández-Posse, Francisco Javier Sánchez-Palencia Ramos
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Technological features of glazed protomajolica wares from Benevento (Italy)
Celestino Grifa, Vincenzo Morra, Alessio Langella, Giuseppe Cultrone, Eduardo M. Sebastián Pardo
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The last period of "Buen Retiro" porcelain factory
Carmen Pascual Centenera, Paloma Recio, Salvador de Aza Pendás, Francisco José Valle Fuentes, E. Criado, Antonio H. de Aza Moya, Rafael Martínez
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Elin Figueiredo, María Fátima Araújo, Rui J.C. Silva, Francisco Manuel Braz Fernandes, João Carlos Senna-Martínez, Joâo L. Inês Vaz
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Oil-paintings of Murillo (1618-1682) using an unusual support: polished obsidiane
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Inheritance in form and process of rock Surface evolution: evidence from shore platforms
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Calcium loading of building sandstones by lime rendering: implications for decay
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Rapid, catastrophic decay of building limestones: thoughts on causes, effects and consequences
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Hungarian travertine: weathering forms and durability
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The decolouration of brecciated black marbles used in heritage monuments of Alicante
David Benavente García, Ana Bernabéu Gonzálvez, Rafael Fort González, Javier Martínez Martínez, María Ángeles García del Cura
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Application of weathering susceptibility index to salt damage on a brick monument
Takahiro Funatsu, Yukinori Matsumura, Hideki Shimada, Nobuaki Kuchitsu
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Products of historical concrete degradation: Qualitative and quantitative study
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Antonio Ruiz-Conde, Guadalupe Durán Domínguez, José Carlos Rivero Cabello, Pedro J. Sánchez Soto, María Arjonilla-Álvarez
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Crystal growth in porous materials: Influence of supersaturation and crystal size
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Influence of capillary properties and evaporation on salt weathering of sedimentary rocks
Matthieu Angeli, Jean-Philippe Bigas, Beatriz Menéndez, Ronan Hebert, Christian David
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Causes of salt decay and repair of plasters and renders of five historic buildings in Portugal
Teresa Diaz Gonçalves, Jose Delgado Rodrigues, M. Marinho Abreu, A. M. Esteves, António Santos Silva
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The use of additives (phosphonates) as inhibitors for the crystallization of magnesium sulfate
Encarnación Ruiz Agudo, Carlos Rodríguez Navarro, Eduardo M. Sebastián Pardo
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Biodeterioration of buildings and works of art: Practical implications on restoration practice
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Reevaluating the cultural value of Segovia's Romanesque churches through biodiagnosis
Virginia Galván, Asunción de los Ríos Murillo, Carmen Ascaso
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Microbial biofilms inside historic stone
Christopher J. McNamara, Kristen A. Bearce, Thomas D. Perry IV, Ralph Mitchell
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Novel species of the genus Phyllobacterium in the biofilms covering the walls of Roman Catacombs
Valme Jurado, Juan Miguel González Grau, Leonila Láiz, María del Carmen Portillo Guisado, Mariona C. Hernández Mariné, Cesáreo Saiz-Jiménez
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Microbial assessment of the biological colonization on roofing tiles
Leonila Láiz, Juan M. González, María del Carmen Portillo Guisado, María Fernanda Gazulla Barreda, Enrique Sánchez Vilches, Cesáreo Saiz-Jiménez
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Microbial diversity on paintings and engravings in Doña Trinidad Cave (Ardales, Spain)
Francesca Stomeo, Leonila Láiz, Juan M. González, Cesáreo Saiz-Jiménez
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Characterization of bacterial community in indoor environment
Franco Palla, Sandra Marineo, Giovanna Lombardo, Letizia Anello
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Methodology of study of the bioleaching of a cement matrix
H. Lajili, Jean Régis Degorce-Dumas, Jean Roussy, C. Grambin Lapeyre, Philippe Devillers, J. P. Boumazel
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Natural re-colonization of restored mural paintings
E. Akatova, Leonila Láiz, Juan M. González, Cesáreo Saiz-Jiménez
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Global climate change impact on built heritage and cultural landscapes
Cristina Sabbioni, May Cassar, Peter Brimblecombe, Johan Tidblad, Roman Kozlowski, Miloš Drdácký, Cesáreo Saiz-Jiménez, Terje Grøntoft, Ian N. M. Wainwright, Xavier Ariño
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Soiling and blackening in archaeological sites and monuments of Iranian cultural heritage
Alessandra Bonazza, Cristina Sabbioni, Nadia Ghedini, Bernardo Hermosín Campos, Cesáreo Saiz-Jiménez
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Granite soiling and decay in Aberdeen, UK: Pollutants, stone characteristics and mortars
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Sulfate and carbon compounds in black crusts from the cathedral of Milan and Tower of London
Carlota M. Grossi, Peter Brimblecombe, Alessandra Bonazza, Cristina Sabbioni, Jessica Zamagni
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Surface degradation of complex architectural form due to atmospheric pollution
Stanislav Pospisil, Miloš Drdácký, Zuzana Slížková, Dagmar Knotková, P. Delpech
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Microenvironments in the inner and outer parts of the Zamora Cathedral
Jacinta García Talegón, María González Sánchez, A. C. Iñigo Iñigo, Santiago Vicente Tavera, Vicente Rives Arnau
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The use of an environmental data sheet: The case of Musei Civici of Pesaro (Italy)
Elisabetta Giani, Agostino Giovagnoli, Maria Pia Nugari, Livia Gordini, Elena Ruschioni
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The use of protective glazing to prevent dust deposition on stained-glass windows
Tiziana Lombardo, Anne Chabas, Roger-Alexandre Lefèvre, Patrick Ausset, Hélène Cachier, Olivier Favez, K. Oikonomou, Anda Ionescu
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The influence of the humidity on the decay of marble
Nike Maria Luodes, Rossana Bellopede, Claudio De Regibus, Paola Marini
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Dilation of bricks submitted to frost action: Field data and laboratory experiments
Céline E. Thomachot-Schneider, Norikazu Matsuoka, Nobuaki Kuchitsu, Masayuki Morii
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Evolution of porosity in Hungarian building stones after simulated burning
Miguel Gómez Heras, Mónica Álvarez de Buergo Ballester, Rafael Fort González, Mónika Hajpál, Ákös Török, María José Varas Muriel
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The effects of fire and heat on natural building stones: First results from the Groden Sandstone
Ulrich Obojes, Peter Tropper, Peter W. Mirwald, Andreas Saxer
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Application of geostatistical techniques in weathering studies of building stone
Jennifer M. McKinley, Patricia A. Warke, Bernard J. Smith, Joanne M. Curran
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Ultrasonic sound test on stone: Comparison of indirect and direct methods under various test conditions
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Texture and residual strain in Carrara marbles measured by TOF neutron diffraction
Ch. Scheffzük, Siegfried Siegesmund, Arne O. Hoffmann, Dmitriy I. Nikolayev
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Comparison of "in-situ" mechanical tests on masonry mortars: Sphere impact and controlled penetration test
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Celerated ageing by salt crystallisation: Assessment of a suitable laboratory methodology
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Monitoring salt systems in monument stones: Comparing two electrochemical methods
António M. Maurício, Carlos Alberto Machado Figueiredo, Luís A. Aires-Barros
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Analysis of proteins found in wall paintings using Laser Induced Fluorescence Spectroscopy
A. Nevin, Demetrios Anglos, Constantinos Fotakis, Sharon Cather
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Characterization of historical and model lead glasses by LIBS
Noemí Carmona Tejero, María Ángeles Villegas Broncano, Manuel García Heras, Mohamed Oujja Ayoubi, Solenne Gaspard
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Diagnostic techniques to assess mechanical characteristics of historical timber
Jiří Minster, Miloš Drdácký, I. Jirovský, Michal Kloiber, Michal Micka
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Low-pressure abrasive cleaning of historic building materials
Manuel Ángel Iglesias Otero, B. Gea, José Luis Prada Pérez, Núria Guasch Ferré
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A comprehensive study on the discoloration associated with laser cleaning of building
Paraskevi Pouli, Garyfallia Totou, Constantinos Fotakis, Solenne Gaspard, Mohamed Oujja Ayoubi, Marta Castillejo Striano, Concepción Domingo Maroto
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Laser removal of organic coatings: Fundamental studies and applications to cultural heritage
Esther Rebollar González, Mohamed Oujja Ayoubi, Solenne Gaspard, Marta Castillejo Striano, Giannis Bounos, Savas K. Georgiou
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Laser cleaning of archaeological metal objects
Joaquín Barrio Martín, Margarita Arroyo Macarro, Jorge Chamón Fernández, A.I. Pardo, Antonio José Criado Portal
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Microwave treatment for woodworm disinfection in large-format works of art
María Victoria Vivancos Ramón, Eva Pérez Marín, Luis Nuño Fernández, Juan Vicente Balbastre Tejedor, Angela Tatiana Zona Ortiz
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Hanna-Leena Alakomi, Maria H. Saarela, Anna A. Gorbushina, Wolfgang E. Krumbein, Cathy McCullagh, Peter K.J. Robertson, Karstein Rodenacker
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Cementation of porous building stone by an accelerated carbonation process
Àngela Bernabeu-Peiró, María Ángeles García del Cura, Colin D. Hills, Paula J. Carey
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The treatment of weathered Globigerina Limestone: The surface conversion of calcium carbonate to calcium oxalate
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Conservation of old renderings - The consolidation technique through traditional and sustainable materials: The lime water (a study methodology)
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Lime-based repair mortars: Influence by surface working methods on behaviour and durability of mortar
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Geopolymerization as a novel method to consolidate earthen architecture: Preliminary results
Kerstin Elert, Carlos Rodríguez Navarro, Eduardo M. Sebastián Pardo
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Valuation of the effectiveness of an antigraffiti product applied to "Blanco Paloma" limestone
Paula Carmona Quiroga, Sagrario Martínez Ramírez, María Teresa Blanco-Varela, Rafael Fort González
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Pulsed laser deposition of polymers doped with fluorescent probes: Application to environmental sensing of cultural heritage
Solenne Gaspard, Esther Rebollar González, Mohamed Oujja Ayoubi, Marta Castillejo Striano, M. M. Villavieja, T. Corrales, R. Bosch, Savas K. Georgiou
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Nanotechnologies for the conservation of waterlogged wood: The Vasa case studies
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Impact of tourism on historic materials, structures and the environment: A critical overview
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Definition of protection areas in a prehistoric art cave (Tito Bustillo cave, N Spain)
Juan Carlos Cañaveras, Soledad Cuezva Robleño, Enrique Sanz Rubio, Sergio Sánchez Moral
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Preserving cultural heritage, the local agenda on the global stage: The impacts of international tourism
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Public perception and optical characterization of degraded historic stone and mortar surfaces
Jaroslav Valach, Jan Bryscejn, Miloš Drdácký, Zuzana Slížková, Daniel Vavřík
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Catalogue of building techniques of vernacular architecture: Case study in Southern Italy
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VHR satellite images for the knowledge and the enhancement of cultural landscapes: The medieval deserted villages in Basilicata (Southern Italy)
Rosa Lasaponara, Antonio Lanorte, Maria Rosario Potenza, Nicola Masini
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Earthquake-resistant structural design guide: Retrofit conservation of Doctrinal Chapels of the Oyon region (Peru) based on performance criteria
Julio Vargas Neumann, J. Velásquez, M. Beas, P. Navarro Grau
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The façade of Milan cathedral: A case of diagnosis for the intervention
Lucia Toniolo, Tommaso Poli, Carlotta M. Zerbi, Francesca Casadio
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The restoration of a stone bridge in semiarid environment: Puente Viejo of Elche (SE Spain)
Miguel Louis Cereceda, María Ángeles García del Cura, Ana Bernabéu Gonzálvez, Ángel La Iglesia Fernández, Yolanda Spairani Berrio, Jose Antonio Huesca Tortosa, Raúl Prado Govea
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The Saint-John sepulchre at Brindisi (South Italy): Identification and provenance of marbles
Angela Calia, Maria Teresa Giannotta, Giovanni Quarta, A. Cimino
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Materials and techniques used in the works of art from Paulistas church (Lisbon, Portugal)
André Pereira, Ana Zélia Miller, Elin Figueiredo, Sileno Cirne Trindade
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The romanesque façade of Sant Martí de Puig-Reig (Barcelona): Chromatic layers and conservation treatments on stone
José Luis Prada Pérez, Núria Guasch Ferré, Manuel Ángel Iglesias Campos, Marta Badia
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Diagnostic studies aimed to conservation works in S. Fedele church (Milan)
Chiara Colombo, Claudia Conti, Marco Realini, Antonio Sansonetti
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Stone decay. A multidisciplinary case study: The columns of the Ducal Palace in Urbania
P. Semprini, Jgor Arduini, Michela Maione, Filippo Mangani, Laura M. Baratin, Umberto Giostra
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Juan Jesús Martín del Río, Francisco Javier Alejandre Sánchez, Gonzalo Márquez Martínez, Francisco-Javier Blasco-López
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Characterization of stone and mortar decay: Casa Major Pessoa, Aveiro
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Patinas in the Architectural Heritage of Lerma, Burgos (Spain)
Carmen Vázquez Calvo, Mónica Álvarez de Buergo Ballester, Rafael Fort González
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Conservation treatments on altered glass. A case study: The glass mosaic of the Porta della Mandorla in Florence
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Evaluation of protective and consolidant treatments on Angera Stone in S. Fedele Church (Milan)
Antonio Sansonetti, Tommaso Poli, Marco Realini, Davide Gulotta
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