This research shows an analysis and theoretical approach to the concept of reading competence. The study serves as the basis for the justification that PISA does not evaluate what it claims to evaluate; so we propose a new evaluation model to assess the level of reading comprehension, getting closer to the concept of reading competence than PISA does. The study has been carried out with the participation of 285 4th ESO students, who have taken a self-developed test, which is based on the theoretical framework of PISA and is aimed to assess the performance in terms of reading competence too.
The comparison of the questions that are in the field of reading comprehension, according to PISA, with the typology of questions in the field of reading competence, demonstrates differences that we cannot ignore and that make us discern practically both concepts.
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