Nosotros antes no moríamos, ni cumplíamos años". Construcciones de ideas sobre el tiempo en niños/jóvenes Qom (nogotolecpi) en contextos de Educación Intercultural Bilingüe

• Autores: Geraldine Chadwick
• Directores de la Tesis: José Antonio Castorina (dir. tes.)
• Lectura: En la Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) ( Argentina ) en 2022
• Idioma: español
• Número de páginas: 372
• Enlaces
  • Tesis en acceso abierto en: repositorio.filo.uba.ar
• Dialnet Métricas: 1 Cita
• Resumen
  • español

    Esta investigación se enmarca en un área de la Didáctica de las Ciencias Naturales, en particular de la Didáctica de la Astronomía y la Educación Intercultural Bilingüe que promueve la generación de una enseñanza y aprendizaje de la ciencia escolar que incorpore las cosmovisiones de los pueblos originarios. El objetivo general de este proyecto es dar cuenta de cómo es posible que niños y jóvenes pertenecientes comunidades indígenas de nuestro país aprendan sobre Ciencias Naturales poniendo en diálogo y en valoración los conocimientos pertenecientes a sus culturas. El fin último de este conocimiento pretende contribuir con la generación de prácticas significativas para las poblaciones indígenas, en especial, de nuestro país. Para ello, la temática elegida es la concepción de tiempo. Siendo el objetivo específico de este trabajo conocer posibles representaciones sobre el significado del tiempo desde las perspectivas de la ciencia occidental y de una perspectiva vernácula particular de forma tal de encontrar vínculos entre ellas. Con este fin, se eligió estudiar los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje en el pueblo qom, que forma parte de la familia lingüística Guaycurú. Siendo un área de vacancia la Educación Intercultural en lo que respecta a las Ciencias Naturales, se indagó sobre las ideas sobre la temporalidad en estudiantes qom. A través de una metodología de carácter cualitativo dividida en dos etapas de investigación se realizaron diversas acciones que condujeron a conocer posibles abordajes sobre el tiempo desde las perspectivas de la ciencia a enseñar y la cultura qom.

    Se realizaron intervenciones en distintos contextos educativos a través de diversos dispositivos de modo de abordar y relevar las ideas que circulan por las aulas sobre la concepción de tiempo, lo que puede contribuir con la generación de propuestas de enseñanza y aprendizaje en contextos de Educación Intercultural Bilingüe.

  • English

    This research is framed in an area of Didactics of Natural Sciences and Intercultural Bilingual Education that promotes the generation of a teaching and learning of school science that incorporates the cosmovisions of native peoples. The general objective of this project is to show how it is possible for children and young people belonging to indigenous communities in our country to learn about Natural Sciences by putting in dialogue and valuing the knowledge belonging to their cultures. The ultimate goal of this knowledge is to contribute to the generation of meaningful practices for indigenous populations, especially in our country. For this purpose, the chosen theme is the conception of time. The specific objective of this work is to know possible approaches or representations on the meaning of time from the perspectives of western science and from a particular vernacular perspective in order to find links between them. To this end, we chose to study the teaching and learning processes among the Qom people, who are part of the Guaycurú linguistic family. Being an area of vacancy in Intercultural Education regarding Natural Sciences, we inquired about the ideas of Qom students on the conception of time in school, in order to generate better practices in Natural Sciences in compulsory education. Through a qualitative methodology divided into two stages of research, several actions were carried out to learn about possible approaches to time from the perspectives of western science and the Qom culture. Interventions were carried out in different educational contexts through different devices in order to approach and survey the ideas that circulate in the classrooms and the school community about the concept of time.

    Linguistic, anthropological, ethno-scientific and pedagogical studies were used to characterize vernacular knowledge in order to interpret the representations of the actors involved. We also appealed to particular theoretical frameworks of Didactics of Natural Sciences, especially Didactics of Astronomy, in order to characterize school scientific representations in relation to the teaching of time. Since the same fact has different interpretations, it is important to know their points of contact, which can contribute to the generation of teaching and learning proposals in Intercultural Bilingual Education contexts.

    From the need to promote the circulation of meaningful knowledge of Natural Sciences in educational contexts of cultural and linguistic diversity, it was intended to generate a didactic research on the theme of time, in a work carried out at the Institute for Research in Educational Sciences (IICE) of the Faculty of Philosophy and Letters (FFyL) of the University of Buenos Aires (UBA), participating in the UBACyT Project: Restrictions to the processes of conceptual construction in the domain of social knowledge: possibilities and obstacles of the constructivist research program, directed by Dr. José Antonio Castorina and co-directed by Dr. Alicia Barreiro and the National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET) through a grant for the completion of a Ph. José Antonio Castorina and co-directed by Dr. Alicia Barreiro and the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) through a PhD Completion grant. This Project does not deal with didactic issues, but the exchanges with researchers of genetic psychology and social anthropology, allowed the familiarization with the clinical-critical method and an ethnographic style methodology as research procedures.

    This research is also based on previous work carried out with the Intercultural Scientific Education Research Group (IECI Group) of the Center for Training and Research in Science Teaching (CeFIEC), Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences (FCEyN) of the Buenos Aires University.