Efecto de inibidores del oscurecimiento en la calidad de patatas minimamente procesadas
- Autores: Rívia Darla Álvares Amaral
- Directores de la Tesis: Benedito Carlos Benedetti (dir. tes.), Montserrat Pujolà Cunill (codir. tes.)
- Lectura: En la Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) ( España ) en 2015
- Idioma: español
- Tribunal Calificador de la Tesis: José Tadeu Jorge (presid.), Francesc Sepulcre Sánchez (secret.), Benedito Carlos Benedetti (voc.), Flávio Luís Schmidt (voc.), Marta Helena Fillet Spoto (voc.)
- Materias:
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- Resumen
Fresh-cut potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) are products that are coming up with a increasing commercialization, although the processing industry has difficulties in maintaing food quality because of organoleptic changes mainly due the susceptibility of tuber to enzymatic browning, which turns out to be a limitant factor in shelf-life. Thus, the hypothesis of this work is that the application alone or combinated of citric acid, sodium alginate, ultrasound bath and blanching promoted the reduction of browning of refrigerated minimally processed potatoes and do not promote undesirable changes in texture after frying. The research aimed to evaluate the effect of different antioxidants on browning of minimally processed and the effects on texture after frying and during cold storage. For this purpose, tubers were acquired from a local producer, selected, washed in tap water, manually peeled, cut into strips, soaked in antioxidant solutions, drained, packed in polyethylene bags, sealed with sealing vacuum and stored at 3 ± 1 °C for 12 days. The antioxidants solutions used are: citric acid, sodium alginate, ultrasound bath and blanching, besides the combination between the best concentrations. Samples were fried in sunflower oil at 108 ± 10 oC for 6 minutes. The results show that Agata cultivar had the lowest values for color, dry matter content and firmness variables of fresh-cut and fried potatoes, which allowed discrimination of this cultivar and confirmation that its use is indicated for cooking. In contrast, Agria, Caesar and Asterix cultivars are suitable for frying. The time of exposure to ultrasound bath (42 kHz, 200 W) was inverserly proportional to the pH of the samples. Furthermore, the immersion of potatoes for an extended period altered their microstructure, promoting breakage of the cellular structure. The use of 5 minutes of ultrasound bath (42 kHz, 200 W) did not cause undesirable changes in dry matter content and firmness of the potatoes before and after frying, besides other components and sensory attributes. Despite blanching be an effective method for microorganisms and enzyme inactivation, its use is not recommended to fresh-cut potatoes due to damage to tissue that promote undesirable quality changes in these products. The coating of minimally processed potatoes with sodium alginate, although it reduced the respiratory rate of the slices did not contribute to prevent darkening of the samples. The combination of ultrasound and citric acid promoted the reduction of microbial contamination of the fresh-cut potatoes, in addition to not affect the quality parameters of the products before and after frying.
Keywords: citric acid, sodium alginate, blanching, ultrasound bath, refrigeration.
