Impoliteness and online flaming are a moot point in Computer MediatedContexts (cmc). In our study, we have gathered comments from two Instagramposts by the former President of Iran, Hassan Rouhani, and the formerPresident of America Donald Trump, and we have classified the commentsinto various impoliteness categories to predict impoliteness inclinationsbetween men and women on Instagram. Using a sample of 1000 hand-codeduser comments and a theory-grounded coding scheme based on the work ofWaselinski (2006), we have pigeonholed the comments into the appropriatecategories and subcategories of impoliteness strategies such as on-record(explicit) and off-record (implicit). The models used here are comprehensivewith no misclassification. Our findings show that impoliteness in onlinecontexts can be influenced by gender and controversiality of the issue. Sincethe participants were debating on a highly sensitive issue, and due to thelexical complexity of some of the comments, plenty of the comments enjoyedseveral classifications simultaneously. Still, when applying the classifiers toa comparable set of comments, we realised that the findings reveal similarpatterns regarding impoliteness in the real word and in cmc. Therefore, thefindings of our study provide new insights into online flaming in an Iraniancontext and detect gender-based patterns and different forms of impolitelanguage used in such contexts.
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