Estados Unidos
This opening paper describes the many features of PSI identifying the five key characteristics of the system as outlined in the original Keller Plan. The origins, both historical and theoretical, of the system are described and the range of current applications and typical research findings are summarised.
The findings pinpoint one problem — the ‘teaching‐learning paradox’ in higher education. Should university teachers be concerned with teaching efficiency? Are they in the certification or selection business? Should grades be awarded on a normal curve of distribution? Or should we be attempting to get all our students to grade ‘A’ standard? As teaching methods improve, the importance of such questions will increase.
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