This chapter explores the significance of metacognitive questions in primary CLIL classrooms in which teachers implement Assessment for Learning (AfL), a methodology which requires the teacher to help students assess learning gaps and work toward closing them (Black & Wiliam 1998a, 1998b; Black et al. 2003). We present illustrative data from a study comprising 9 AfL lessons belonging to a larger corpus. These sessions were analyzed qualitatively, focusing on extracts featuring metacognitive questions and how they affected teacher-student interaction. Using examples from the data, we show how metacognitive questions, as essential to an AfL approach, encourage students to reflect upon and verbalize their learning processes. Furthermore, they engage students in peer‑ and self-assessment, which also contributes to the awareness of learning gaps and prompts motivation to fill these gaps.
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