Cuba
Puyo, Ecuador
En el presente trabajo se analizó la variabilidad morfológica del cultivo delcacao existente en la Provincia de Pastaza, en lugares que fueron previamentedefinidos, donde se seleccionaron plantas con un comportamiento notable encuanto a producción y resistencia a enfermedades. Fueron valorados 48 individuos, dentro de los cuales se incluyeron tres testigos que fueron los clones CCN-51, ICS-95 y Nacional, caracterizados por su alta producción y calidad industrial, así como resistencia a moniliasis. Se evaluaron 32 variables, tanto cualitativas como cuantitativas del fruto, semillas, hojas y flores con el objetivo de caracterizar los individuos, lo que fue analizado estadísticamente mediante análisis multivariado. Las características de las flores fueron los descriptores que permitieron separar individuos con mayor exactitud, los que se agruparon hacia los clones utilizados como testigos, así como por sectores, lo que demostró regionalización de los materiales analizados respondiendo el sector Triunfo hacia el cacao Nacional, Canelos hacia el ICS95 y el sector Arajuno que no mostró afinidad con los clones testigos. Se seleccionaron 25 árboles destacados. AbstractPresently work was analyzed the morphological variability of the cocoa crop in existence in the Pastaza Province, in places that were previously defined, those were selected plants, that make traps of the behavior of all the notable production and its resistance to illnesses. Forty eight individuals were valued, of which three witnesses were included that were the CCN-51, ISC95 and National clones, those were characterized by its high production and quality and its resistance to the moniliasis. Thirty two variables were evaluated so much qualitative as quantitative of the fruit, seeds, leaves, and flowers with the objective of characterize the individuals, analyzed statistically by means of multivaried analysis. The characteristics of its flowers were the descriptors that allowed to separate individuals with major accuracy, those that grouped toward the clones utilized as witness, as well as for sectors, what demonstrated regionalization of the materials analyzed responding to the Triunfo area, toward the National cocoa, Canelos trees toward the ICS95 and the Arajuno area that did not show likeness with the clones witness. Twenty five outstanding trees were selected.
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