La diffusion de la géographie dans l'enseignement français (fin XIXe siècle, début XXe): force du mouvement et variété des projets

• Autores: Marie-Claire Robic
• Localización: Paedagogica Historica: International journal of the history of education, ISSN 0030-9230, Vol. 40, Nº. 3, 2004, págs. 293-314
• Idioma: francés
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• Resumen

  • From the 1860s to the beginning of the twentieth century, the rise of academic geography in industrialized countries resulted from the need to produce geography teachers. The mushrooming of school geography, in turn, reflected a complex mixture of pedagogic thought, of a modernization trend, of nationalism and of imperialism. In France, this context caused the emergence of contrasting models describing the scientific requirements of school geography, from loose relations between scientific and pedagogical spheres to the structural link joining the republican university to the various school levels. This article details the strategy through which a group of scholars of the École normale supérieure led by P. Vidal de la Blache succeeded in creating a cognitive space for a new scientific discipline. It describes briefly its progressive introduction in elementary and in classical secondary teaching and how several older elements remained in programmes and in the school curriculum.