147 LEARNING AND LEARNER AUTONOMY Koponen, Ismo Oulu University of Applied Sciences (Finland) ismo.koponen@oamk.fi Abstract This paper discusses the main learning theories - behaviorism and con-structivism - in general, and learner autonomy within the context of these theories, in particular. From the discussion, I learn that behaviorism and con-structivism - as learning paradigms - do not opposite each others but complete each others. Learner autonomy, on the other hand, is an essential element of any learning process either or not being manifested by a teacher.
Through the writing, I introduce - among a few other ones - the following concepts: 1) concrete action/behavior, and 2) virtual action/behavior. I also pay metaphysics a visit, returning with the idea that learning and learner autonomy be phenomena that can be conceptualized using certain pedaphysical terms and modelled in a certain pedaphysical space. I therefore hypothesize an equity where learning (L) results from the function of Teaching (T) time Studying (S). The values of T and S can be treated by exponential variables 'x' and ‘y’ that stand for autonomy.
On the pages of this paper, I am criticizing present day western educators for 'socializing' the originally Marxist idea of constructivism.
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