Utilització de l'espectroscòpia d'infraroig com a eina per a la selecció i millora de la mongeta seca (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

• Autores: Marçal Plans Pujolras
• Directores de la Tesis: Josep Sabaté Reboll (dir. tes.)
• Lectura: En la Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) ( España ) en 2014
• Idioma: catalán
• Tribunal Calificador de la Tesis: Antonio Almirall (presid.), Fernando Gatius Cortiella (secret.), Manel Alcalà Bernàrdez (voc.)
• Materias:
  • Matemáticas
    • Estadística
      • Análisis multivariante
  • Física
    • Electromagnetismo
      • Radiación infrarroja visible y ultravioleta
  • Química
    • Química analítica
      • Espectroscopia de infrarrojos
• Enlaces
  • Tesis en acceso abierto en: TDX
• Resumen

  • Common beans (Phaseolus vulagaris L.) are one of the most consumed and produced legumes in the world. Its high protein content makes it a high nutritional value product. As a result of its wide diversity, there are thousands of them conserved in seed banks and plant breeding centers. Chemical and sensory evaluations are necessary for their characterization and inclusion in plants breeding programs. Chemical analysis and sensory panels are time-consuming protocols and often require regents, which make them unsuitable for analysis of large amount of sample. Spectroscopy techniques are well-established nondestructible methods with a minimum sample preparation for determining the chemical components and sensory traits of foods. These techniques are suitable for managing a large volume of samples, because spectrum collection takes less than a minute. The main objective of this thesis is to develop regression models to correlate IR spectra with chemical composition and sensory traits. This thesis is composed of three publications in indexed journals, in which the main results are: i) For proper prediction of the chemical composition in common beans seed-coat, this seed-coat has to be removed from the cotyledon and ground to obtain a homogenous IR spectra; ii) Calcium, ash, dietary fiber values of the seed-coat can be predicted using NIR models; iii) It is possible to predict protein, starch, and total amylose using IR technology, moreover, the best models are obtained by the benchtop FT-NIR; iv) Nowadays, portable IR technology is almost at the same level as the benchtop instruments in terms of goodness of fit in prediction models; v) IR spectrum of the sample has a big impact in the developed models, so, it is necessary to cook, dry and ground the beans before registering the spectra; vi) It is not possible to predict aroma and seed-coat perception using NIR; vii) Finally, it is possible to integrate IR technology in common beans plants breeding and selection programs to analyze chemical composition and sensory trait.