Resumen de Eco vectorización
Jocelyne Mireille De Botton Halfon
Pursuing the sustainable urban project means to understand the reasons of crisis of the twentieth century city and interpret them under new approaches. This is the purpose of the thesis, to assume the critical states of the cities, and analyze them to describe a more sustainable development model that is able to transform some of the criticalities into opportunities. The reference models of the analysis come from new generation concepts derived from the principles of "new urbanism": restore the image of a city that resembles the living organisms in some ways and a thermodynamic system in others. The city is a biotic organism that consumes and exchanges "influences", transforms them to function and ultimately produces waste. It will be a succession of phases that can be synthesized by the term "metabolism" used in biology. For "Urban Metabolism" we mean the exchange of matter, energy and information that is established between the urban settlement and its geographic and social context. The biosphere as all open systems, exchanges substances and dissipates energy, and on this exchange depends the reproductive capacity and the transformation of the subsystem, because of that it is important both the system and its environment. The system made by subsystems, individuals, machines and networks, is part of energy diagrams and information. The urban metabolism determines the requirements of raw materials and the impact their use has on the biosphere, creating this way the relationships between materials and social processes. Urban areas have a high concentration of energy per area in comparison with fields or natural ecosystems. The magnitudes of the flows generated in the cities are causing imbalances in nature, as we all noticed nowadays, and perhaps the most prominent are the environmental type. So if we pretend to achieve the sustainability of the living system we must consider the typology of energy and materials supply and the transformation processes of these two factors. If you want to study the metabolism of an urban system is necessary to consider it as a thermodynamic system, in other words, for an urban settlement it is appliable the second law of thermodynamics that says:"the tendency of a closed system is to always develop towards disorder ". It is easy to imagine that a growing, uncontrolled and excessive disorder can lead a city to disaster, which prevents us of the importance of using measures to react to the increase of disorder or entropy. Unlike this, two solutions: optimization within the energy flows into renewable energy supplies from the outside, and increase the process efficiency recycling the local waste produced by the urban metabolism. The waste produced in the system is recycled; a concept developed in the ecovectorization. In summary they are defined as eco-vectors agents to achieve a balance in the territory organism. We are not prepared to absorb endlessly the dross from the modern city: it must be optimized vectorially the system to plan an external energy supply. From where the additional power needed is going to come? And what is its going to be its quality? It is proposed the review of projective tendency, demonstrating the integration of ecovectors useful to the conclusions from this reflection.
