A systematic approach to airborne sensor orientation and calibration: method and models

• Autores: Marta Matilde Blazquez González
• Directores de la Tesis: Eduard Bertran Albertí (dir. tes.), Ismael Colomina Fosch (dir. tes.)
• Lectura: En la Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) ( España ) en 2012
• Idioma: inglés
• Tribunal Calificador de la Tesis: Michael Cramer (presid.), José Antonio Gili Ripoll (secret.), Peter Fries (voc.)
• Materias:
  • Ciencias de la tierra y del espacio
    • Geodesia
      • Navegación geodésica
      • Fotogrametría geodésica
• Enlaces
  • Tesis en acceso abierto en: TDX
• Resumen

  • The geomatic market has an estimated value of some 30 thirty trillion euros. Behind this growing market, there are new technologies, projects and applications like Global Positioning System (GPS), Galileo, Global Monitoring for Environment and Security (GMES), Google Earth, etc. Modern society is increasingly demanding and consuming geoinformation that must be precise, accurate, up-to-date and affordable. In an attempt to meet these technical requirements and general market demand, industry and academia are introducing one imaging system, airborne platform and satellite platform after another. These acquisitions are introducing new problems such as calibration and orientation of the sensors, navigation of the platforms (with an accurate and precise processing of their individual performances), combination of different types of sensors, integration of auxiliary data provided from various sources, temporal issues of the continuously recording sensors, weak geometry of some sensors, etc. Some of the previous problems can be solved with current methods and strategies, oftentimes with a dose of patchwork. However, the vast majority of these problems cannot be solved with the current methods, or at least not with a like degree of robustness and reliability. This thesis presents the abstractions and generalizations needed to facilitate the development of the next generation of network adjustment and estimation methods that will make it possible to solve these problems. Moreover, the main tool of this research is a commercial software platform, Generic Extensible Network Approach (GENA), based on the proposed network approach. The goal of this research is to establish a methodical basis of a systematic approach to airborne sensor orientation and calibration and to prove its validity with newly-developed models and applications. On one hand, viewing the traditional DiSO and ISO from a distance and considering the possibilities that the INS/GNSS technology offers, this thesis generates a method to exploit the INS/GNSS systems for airborne sensor orientation and calibration. On the other hand, several models that constitute this method are proposed and tested with independent actual data sets; for example, the use of INS/GNSS-derived time, position and attitude in relative mode (avoiding the need for GNSS linear shift parameters, that absorb the INS/GNSS errors, or the relative orientation IMU-to-sensor, boresight, matrix), the use of INS/GNSS-derived time, position, velocity and attitude for time calibration (exploiting the full solution of the INS/GNSS systems to link the space and time dimensions) or the measurement reduction of the traditional integrated sensor orientation to perform the proposed "fast aerotriangulation", or Fast AT. This research is presented in the thesis as compiled papers. Therefore, the results of this thesis are not only the thesis document itself and a number of publications, but also a commercial software platform and models and applications that validate the proposed method and present a new panorama for airborne sensor orientation and calibration.