Síntesis, estructura y aplicaciones de poliésteres secuenciales derivados de ácido glicólico y w-hidroxiácidos

• Autores: Meritxell Martínez Palau
• Directores de la Tesis: Jordi Puiggalí Bellalta (dir. tes.)
• Lectura: En la Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) ( España ) en 2008
• Idioma: español
• Tribunal Calificador de la Tesis: Juan Antonio Subirana Torrent (presid.), José Ignacio Iribarren Laco (secret.), Goran Ungar (voc.), Jose María Salla Tarragó (voc.), Francisco López Calahorra (voc.)
• Materias:
  • Química
    • Química macromolecular
      • Poliésteres
      • Análisis de polímeros
• Enlaces
  • Tesis en acceso abierto en: TDX
• Resumen

  • The development of new biodegradable polymers is a subject of great interest due to their potential applications as both commodity and speciality materials. Most of the commercially available biodegradable polymer devices are polyesters due to their labile ester groups. For example, it should be pointed out the homopolymer and copolymers of glycolide which are mainly used in the biomedical field since their degradation products can be metabolizable by the human organism. The indicated copolymers are usually prepared by ring opening polymerization of glycolide and appropriate cyclic copolymers, and consequently have a random microstructure that hinders their crystallization. The synthesis and characterization of two alternating copolymers of glycolic acid and w-hydroxy acids, named poly[4-hydroxybutyric acid-alt-glycolic acid] and poly[glycolic acid-alt-6-hydroxyhexanoic acid], were studied in this Thesis. A new synthetic method based on a thermal polycondensation with formation of a metal salt as a driving force has been developed. The new procedure and allows to obtain a highly porous material once the salt has been removed by washing with polar solvents. All the products obtained have been identified by means of nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectroscopy. Furthermore, the kinetics of the thermal polycondensation reaction and the thermal properties of the final products have been studied employing differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. It is generally accepted that the macroscopic properties of polymers are governed by their microscopic morphology. For this reason, crystallization has been studied by using different techniques such as differential scanning calorimetry, optical microscopy and simultaneous time-resolved small angle Xray scattering (SAXS) and wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). The structure of the new synthesized polymers has also been studied by means of X-ray diffraction and electronic microscopy. Biocompati