Nonlinear seismic characterization of ancient masonry structures: application to the Andalusian medieval architectural heritage
- Autores: Paloma Pineda Palomo
- Directores de la Tesis: Andrés Sáez Pérez (codir. tes.), Miguel Angel Gil Martí (codir. tes.), María Dolores Robador González (codir. tes.)
- Lectura: En la Universidad de Sevilla ( España ) en 2012
- Idioma: inglés
- Tribunal Calificador de la Tesis: Rafael Blázquez Martínez (presid.), Narciso Jesús Vázquez Carretero (secret.), Rafael López Palanco (voc.), José Luis Pérez Rodríguez (voc.), Antonio Jesús Martín Martín (voc.)
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- Resumen
Ancient masonry structures located in seismically active areas are especially prone to suffer structural damages, owing to its geometrical, mechanical and structural features, which could lead to global or local collapse mechanisms. The dynamic assessment of historical buildings by means of numerical methods is often a complex task, being crucial to distinguish between stable damage patterns and damage evolution leading to a global collapse. Moreover, it is necessary to avoid biased structural results which invalidate the numerical analyses. A contribution to damage origin assessment and dynamic characterization of medieval towers is provided in two case studies, the Salares and the Árchez towers, singular constructions located in the Axarquía, (Málaga, Spain), an active seismic area. These are buildings of a type which represents a wide range of medieval structures built in Southern Spain and North África.The primary objective of this research is fourfold: (i) to develop an accurate and practical method to predict damage evolution of ancient masonry structures (well preserved or damaged)under seismic loading; (ii) to control main sources of uncertainty, namely, the material constitutive models, the structural model and its computation.
(iii) to reduce uncertainties associated to the selection of the most accurate seismic input, in order to obtain reliable response from the dynamic transient analysis of structures of the architectural heritage; (iv) to overcome significant deficiencies that both Codes procedures and common practice present. The method taken to achieve the aforementioned objectives is as follows: (i) A comprehensive historical survey of the main architectural features of the analysed towers is provided. (ii) The building materials of the most deteriorated structure have been characterizated by means of experimental techniques. The obtained results allow to: enrich the knowledge on historical construction techniques, identify damage processes and the state of decay, as well as define the control parameters of the constitutive models.(iii) A constitutive model able of predicting the structural response in the non-linear range under seismic loading is developed. (iv) The static response and the dynamic properties of the structures are determined, performing nonlinear analyses with linear and nonlinear material on detailed 3D Finite Element models.(v) New insights into the seismic input required when a deteriorated masonry is going to be analysed are provided. (vi) Numerical assessment of the seismic response is performed. The aforementioned method will be useful in order to assess safety and to improve seismic resistance of these and other similar cultural heritage buildings.
