Advanced control of renewable energy microgrids with hybrid energy storage system
- Autores: Félix García Torres
- Directores de la Tesis: Carlos Bordóns Alba (dir. tes.)
- Lectura: En la Universidad de Sevilla ( España ) en 2015
- Idioma: inglés
- Número de páginas: 203
- Tribunal Calificador de la Tesis: Miguel Angel Ridao Carlini (presid.), Amparo Núñez-Reyes (secret.), Francisco Vázquez Serrano (voc.), Pedro Luis Roncero Sánchez-Elipe (voc.), Francesc Xavier Blasco Ferragud (voc.)
- Materias:
- Enlaces
- Tesis en acceso abierto en: Idus
- Resumen
Renewable energy will play an important role in the transition to a new energetic model which, along with other developments of the digital age, will probably bring about the Third Industrial Revolution. However, the change to this new energetic model is subject to overcoming technological barriers, namely the sporadic nature of renewable sources. Which in turn affects both, power quality and economic competitiveness. The imbalance of active and reactive power that renewable energies introduce in the grid causes variation in the voltage supply, grid frequency, harmonics, as well as producing other power quality issues. Energy storage systems appear to be a key factor in compensating generation and demand. The lack of controllability and the penalty for deviations in the regulation market hinder the economic competitiveness of renewable energy. Energy storage systems will be the technological solution enabling controllability in renewable energies, allowing their introduction in the spot energy market. Redesigning the grid into smaller, more manageable units based on microgrids appears as a solution to the outlined problems. In these microgrids, stored energy compensates both the intermittent nature of renewable generation and the randomness of the consumer's behaviour. Traditionally, energy storage has been developed by large hydropower-regulation plants, however, these kinds of plants are subject to natural emplacements and their implementation is subject to environmental impact grades. The high energy density of hydrogen as an energy carrier will play an important role in this new energetic paradigm. However, robust performance and the transient response are the main barriers for its technological implantation and, usually, hydrogen-based systems have a useful life that is sometimes too limited to buffer the associated cost. Batteries and supercapacitors have a better transient response, however, their low energy density does not provide enough autonomy to the system. The design of a hybrid energy storage system, having advanced control systems in charge of taking advantage of each storage system and avoiding the causes of degradation and/or limitations of them, emerges as a technological solution to the problems commented. The high number of constraints and variables to be optimized increases the complexity of the associated control problem, making it necessary to deploy advanced control algorithms. In this thesis, the development of optimal controllers for renewable energy microgrids with hybrid energy storage systems is explored using Model Predictive Control (MPC). The control system is introduction on different time scales resulting in an optimal control solution for the economic dispatch and the power quality of the microgrid. Meanwhile, degradation issues of energy storage systems are analyzed and minimized, improving the longevity of the whole energy storage system.
