La tesis doctoral busca contribuir al estudio de las intersecciones entre religión, sexualidad y género explorando el caso de los grupos cristianos de lesbianas, gais, bisexuales y trans (LGBT+) en España. En primer lugar, se explica el contexto social del fenómeno atendiendo al principal factor que motiva su emergencia: las políticas sexuales y de género de la Iglesia católica. Se expone la doctrina moral sobre la homosexualidad, la movilización contra los derechos LGBT+ y una casuística de la discriminación por orientación sexual e identidad de género dentro de la Iglesia católica española. Posteriormente, se aborda el principal objetivo de investigación: conocer en profundidad la acción colectiva de los grupos cristianos LGBT+. Para ello, se ha empleado una metodología de enfoque cualitativo y etnográfico que prioriza la observación participante y la conversación etnográfica en las situaciones naturales de los grupos (entre 2019 y 2023) y que se complementa con entrevistas semiestructuradas y una exhaustiva revisión de archivos activistas, eclesiales y periodísticos. Tras describir la evolución histórica de los grupos cristianos LGBT+ desde su inicio en la década de 1960 hasta la actualidad, se estructura el análisis de su acción colectiva en tres ejes que componen los tres últimos y principales capítulos de la tesis doctoral: (1) la institución de comunidades de apoyo mutuo basadas en el cultivo de espacios seguros y en el pluralismo sexual y de género, religioso e ideológico; (2) la provisión de recursos socioculturales para atender diversas necesidades de las personas cristianas LGBT+; y (3) la movilización en red para avanzar su agenda y demandas en las principales iglesias y en el movimiento LGBT+. Los resultados de la investigación indican que los grupos cristianos LGBT+ aumentan la visibilidad de la diversidad sexual, de género y religiosa presente en la sociedad española y posibilitan el ejercicio integrado de los derechos sexuales y los derechos religiosos, reduciendo con ello las desigualdades sociales en estos ámbitos.
This doctoral thesis seeks to contribute to the study of intersections between religion, sexuality, and gender by exploring the case of LGBT+ Christian groups in Spain. First, it examines the social context of this phenomenon, with a focus on the main factor driving its emergence: the Catholic Church sexual and gender politics. It presents the moral doctrine on homosexuality, the mobilization against LGBT+ rights, and a casuistry of the discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity within the Spanish Catholic Church. Subsequently, the main research objective is addressed: gaining an in-depth understanding of the collective action of LGBT+ Christian groups. For this purpose, a qualitative and ethnographic methodology has been employed, prioritizing participant observation and ethnographic conversations within the natural settings of the groups (2019-2023), which are complemented by semi-structured interviews and an extensive review of activist, ecclesiastical, and journalistic archives. After describing the historical evolution of LGBT+ Christian groups from their origins in the 1960s to the present, the analysis of their collective action is structured into three key axes, which form the last and most significant chapters of the thesis: (1) the creation of mutual support communities based on fostering safe spaces and sexual, gender, religious, and ideological pluralism; (2) the provision of sociocultural resources to address the diverse needs of LGBT+ Christians; and (3) networked mobilization to advance their agenda and claims within major Christian churches and the broader LGBT+ movement. The research findings reveal that LGBT+ Christian groups enhance the visibility of sexual, gender, and religious diversity in Spanish society and facilitate the integrated exercise of both sexual and religious rights, thereby reducing social inequalities in these areas.
This thesis explores the collective action of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT+) Christian groups in Spain. For this purpose, the research follows qualitative methodology and ethnographic approach, using participant observation, ethnographic conversations, and archive research as the main techniques. The fieldwork was conducted primarily in Madrid and digital spaces between 2019 and 2023 during offline and online activities organized by civil, religious, and activist organizations. The main research techniques have been participant observation and ethnographic conversation. A diverse range of documents produced by institutions, churches, groups, and associations has also been thoroughly reviewed. The scholarly literature has been studied to understand the current state of the art in the social sciences...
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