Osteoporosis is a chronic skeletal disease that significantly impairs quality of life and often remains undiagnosed until fracture. Self-care is central to its management, yet comprehensive knowledge of how individuals experience and implement self-care, especially across cultures, remains limited. This doctoral thesis explored self-care in osteoporosis multidimensionally, identifying key behaviors, examining lived experiences, and analyzing cultural influences shaping its implementation. Three sequential studies were conducted: a meta-synthesis on self-care behaviors; a qualitative descriptive study, grounded in Riegel’s Middle-Range Theory of Self-Care; and a multicentric qualitative study with a multidimensional analysis comparing narratives from 20 Italian and 20 Spanish participants. This thesis contributed to understand self-care in osteoporosis by synthesizing existing knowledge, exploring lived experiences, and revealing potential cultural dimensions of self-care. The findings suggest the importance of personalized, culturally responsive approaches to supporting self-care, with potential implications for nursing practice, healthcare delivery, and public health initiatives.
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