In this doctoral thesis, we aimed to develop innovative pharmaceutical forms for both oral and rectal administration of mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) secretome using 3D printing technologies. The versatility and precision of 3D printing enable the creation of personalized and advanced drug delivery systems that address the specific needs of emerging therapies, particularly in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). For rectal administration, we formulated biocompatible hydrogels composed of alginate and Laponite, which demonstrated exceptional properties for encapsulating and delivering therapeutic agents through 3D-printed suppositories. In addition, we developed 3D-printed core-shell tablets for oral administration, designed to protect the secretome from the harsh conditions of the gastrointestinal tract and ensure its targeted release in the colon. These formulations provide a cell-free alternative that offers enhanced safety, stability, and therapeutic efficacy compared to direct MSC administration. This thesis not only highlights the potential of 3D printing in advancing the formulation of secretome-based therapies but also establishes a framework for their future clinical application in both oral and rectal delivery systems.
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