The need for a well-behaved gravity theory at high energies demands a multidisciplinary approach, incorporating a wide range of viewpoints, from sophisticated mathematical tools and statistical techniques to ambitious experiments. Achieving this goal requires a deep understanding of our fundamental theories, their capabilities and limitations, as well as an improvement of the main roads in them are essential steps. This PhD thesis is situated within this context. We investigate the existence and properties of exotic compact objects, such as boson stars, within the framework of Palatini f(R) gravity. We will observe that their gravitational collapse may give rise to the formation of wormhole structures, specifically, baby universes. Consequently, we will analyze the characteristic signatures that different types of wormhole may leave in various observables.
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