Development and exploitation of magic experimental populations in eggplant and tomato genetics and breeding
- Autores: Andrea Arrones Olmo
- Directores de la Tesis: Santiago Vilanova Navarro (dir. tes.), Pietro Gramazio (dir. tes.)
- Lectura: En la Universitat Politècnica de València ( España ) en 2024
- Idioma: inglés
- Tribunal Calificador de la Tesis: Jordi Garcia Mas (presid.), Aureliano Bombarely Gómez (secret.), Björn Usadel (voc.)
- Programa de doctorado: Programa de Doctorado en Biotecnología por la Universitat Politècnica de València
- Menciones:
- Internacional
- Calificación: Sobresaliente Cum Laude
- Materias:
- Enlaces
- Tesis en acceso abierto en: RiuNet
- Resumen
The Solanaceae family includes crops of global economic importance such as eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) and tomato (S. lycopersicum L.). Although both crops show positive trends in production, yield, and consumption, they are currently under constant threat from multiple abiotic and biotic stresses, due to the genetic narrowing and uniformity of modern high-yielding commercial varieties. As a consequence of domestication processes and plant breeding programs, usually there has been a significant loss of genetic variability in cultivated species, leading to an increased risk of yield losses when facing threats and a decrease in sources of variability for crop improvement.
Therefore, in the present doctoral thesis, it is proposed the leverage of the hidden potential of the wild relatives by constructing inter-specific Multi-parent Advanced Generation InterCross (MAGIC) experimental populations combining cultivated, semi-domesticated, and wild germplasm to contribute to rescuing some of the lost variability in eggplant and tomato and the identification of candidate genes and causative polymorphisms controlling interesting quantitative traits.
In the first chapter of this thesis, we aimed to present the first eggplant MAGIC population so far, developed from seven accessions of common eggplant from different origins and one wild species S. incanum accession. The eight founders used for the construction of this population showed a wide genetic diversity according to genome resequencing data, phenotypic, fruit, agronomic and stress resistance traits. This inter-specific population was phenotyped for different traits and genotyped through the single primer enriched technology (SPET) platform. Results were used for the elucidation of the genes responsible for different fruit pigmentation patterns including the biosynthesis of uniform anthocyanins and chlorophylls, and the irregular fruit green netting. Understanding the mechanisms by which fruit pigments are synthesized could be extremely useful to foster future breeding programs focused not only on specific consumers' demand for fruit diversification but also on the development of novel varieties exhibiting enhanced nutritional quality and resilience to tackle the forthcoming environmental challenges. This could be possible thanks to the relationship of pigments with antioxidant properties, photosynthesis, and the stress biology of plants, among others.
In the second chapter of this thesis, we addressed the development of a tomato MAGIC population using four accessions of the semi-domesticated closest wild relative S. lycopersicum var. cerasiforme, and four accessions of the S. pimpinellifolium, which is the ancestor of the cultivated tomato. These species have been little used in breeding and their full potential has not been exploited despite their high genetic diversity, their wide climatic and ecological variability and their closeness to the cultivated tomato. Previous MAGIC populations have been developed combining cherry type and larger fruit accessions of common tomato. However, the results indicate that these eight founders do not represent the Andean genetic variability of S. l. var. cerasiforme lost during the domestication process and therefore, the proposed population is complementary to that already developed. The final inter-specific population was also genotyped through a SPET panel and a proof-of-concept for testing the potential of the population was conducted by phenotyping it for fruit size, plant pigmentation, leaf morphology, and earliness traits.
