Resumen de Eficacia de un tratamiento breve, grupal y virtual basado en la Terapia de Aceptación y Compromiso para la regulación de la ira en jóvenes adultos colombianos
- español
Si bien, la población joven en Colombia es una de las más afectadas por problemas de regulación de la ira y agresividad, sin embargo, es escasa la evidencia disponible sobre la caracterización de sus dificultades y, más aún, sobre las estrategias terapéuticas adecuadas para su intervención. Es por ello que esta investigación se planteó como objetivos describir las dificultades de regulación de la ira en jóvenes colombianos (N= 222, 61.7 %, mujeres y 38.3 %, hombres, edad entre 18 y 30 años), identificar la relación entre sus manifestaciones de ira y agresión y algunos indicadores de inflexibilidad psicológica, y diseñar, validar y evaluar la eficacia de una intervención breve, en formato grupal y virtual para la regulación de la ira y la reducción de la inflexibilidad psicológica dirigida a la misma población. En la primera etapa de la investigación se identificaron correlaciones positivas estadísticamente significativas entre las variables de ira y agresividad con la evitación experiencial, la fusión cognitiva y la obstrucción en valores, mientras que el progreso en acciones comprometidas, presentó una correlación negativa estadísticamente significativa con todas las variables anteriores. Adicionalmente, mediante diversos análisis de regresión se concluyó que la evitación experiencial y la fusión cognitiva fueron las variables que explicaron mayores porcentajes de variabilidad en la mayoría de los indicadores de agresión y de ira en porcentajes que pudieron explicar entre el 12% y el 52% de la variabilidad según el modelo analizado. Se estableció que el protocolo de intervención basado en la terapia de aceptación y compromiso para la regulación de la ira (ACT-RI) cuenta con validez de contenido considerando los criterios de claridad, relevancia, coherencia y suficiencia. Para evaluar la intervención diseñada, 40 adultos jóvenes (40 %, hombres, 60 %, mujeres; M = 25.3 años; DE = 3.35), fueron asignados a una de dos condiciones: ACT-RI y lista de espera. Se evaluaron la evitación experiencial, la fusión cognitiva, la conexión con el momento presente, los valores y la percepción de efectos de la expresión problemática de la ira. Se encontraron diferencias significativas con tamaños de efecto grandes en las variables de evitación experiencial, defusión cognitiva, contacto con el momento presente y obstrucción en valores. Las variables de progreso en valores y percepción de efectos de la ira presentaron cambios en el grupo experimental, pero no en su comparación con el grupo control. Los resultados aportaron evidencia sobre la eficacia de la intervención ACT-RI, aunque se requieren más estudios que así lo confirmen.
- English
Although young people in Colombia are among the most affected by anger and aggression regulation problems, there is little available evidence on the characterization of their difficulties and, even more so, on appropriate therapeutic strategies for their intervention. Therefore, this research aimed to describe the difficulties in regulating anger in Colombian young adults (N= 222, 61.7 % women and 38.3 % men, aged between 18 and 30 years), identify the relationship between their anger and aggression manifestations and some indicators of psychological inflexibility, and design, validate, and evaluate the efficacy of a brief, virtual group intervention for anger regulation and psychological inflexibility reduction aimed at the same population. In the first stage of the research, statistically significant positive correlations were identified between anger and aggression variables with experiential avoidance, cognitive fusion, and obstruction in values, while progress in committed actions presented a statistically significant negative correlation with all the previous variables. Additionally, through various regression analyses, it was concluded that experiential avoidance and cognitive fusion were the variables that explained higher percentages of variability in most of the aggression and anger indicators in percentages that could explain between 12% and 52% of the variability depending on the analyzed model. It was established that the intervention protocol based on acceptance and commitment therapy for anger regulation (ACT-AR) has content validity considering the criteria of clarity, relevance, coherence, and sufficiency. To evaluate the designed intervention, 40 young adults (40% men, 60% women; M = 25.3 years; SD = 3.35) were assigned to one of two conditions: ACT-AR and wait-list. Experiential avoidance, cognitive fusion, connection with the present moment, values, and perception of the effects of problematic expression of anger were evaluated. Significant differences were found with large effect sizes in the variables of experiential avoidance, cognitive defusion, contact with the present moment, and obstruction in values. The variables of progress in values and perception of the effects of anger showed changes in the experimental group, but not in comparison with the control group. The results provided evidence of the effectiveness of the ACT-AR intervention, Although young people in Colombia are among the most affected by anger and aggression regulation problems, there is little available evidence on the characterization of their difficulties and, even more so, on appropriate therapeutic strategies for their intervention. Therefore, this research aimed to describe the difficulties in regulating anger in Colombian young adults (N= 222, 61.7 % women and 38.3 % men, aged between 18 and 30 years), identify the relationship between their anger and aggression manifestations and some indicators of psychological inflexibility, and design, validate, and evaluate the efficacy of a brief, virtual group intervention for anger regulation and psychological inflexibility reduction aimed at the same population. In the first stage of the research, statistically significant positive correlations were identified between anger and aggression variables with experiential avoidance, cognitive fusion, and obstruction in values, while progress in committed actions presented a statistically significant negative correlation with all the previous variables. Additionally, through various regression analyses, it was concluded that experiential avoidance and cognitive fusion were the variables that explained higher percentages of variability in most of the aggression and anger indicators in percentages that could explain between 12% and 52% of the variability depending on the analyzed model. It was established that the intervention protocol based on acceptance and commitment therapy for anger regulation (ACT-AR) has content validity considering the criteria of clarity, relevance, coherence, and sufficiency. To evaluate the designed intervention, 40 young adults (40% men, 60% women; M = 25.3 years; SD = 3.35) were assigned to one of two conditions: ACT-AR and wait-list. Experiential avoidance, cognitive fusion, connection with the present moment, values, and perception of the effects of problematic expression of anger were evaluated. Significant differences were found with large effect sizes in the variables of experiential avoidance, cognitive defusion, contact with the present moment, and obstruction in values. The variables of progress in values and perception of the effects of anger showed changes in the experimental group, but not in comparison with the control group. The results provided evidence of the effectiveness of the ACT-AR intervention, although further studies are needed to confirm this.
