Estils de lideratge, compromís laboral i suport organitzatiu percebut en infermeres
- Autores: Aida Mehrad
- Directores de la Tesis: Jordi Fernández Castro (dir. tes.), Maria Pau González Gómez de Olmedo (codir. tes.)
- Lectura: En la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona ( España ) en 2021
- Idioma: español
- Tribunal Calificador de la Tesis: M. Dolores Braquehais Conesa (presid.), Ariadna Angulo Brunet (secret.), Carles Blay i Pueyo (voc.)
- Programa de doctorado: Programa de Doctorado en Psicología de la Salud y del Deporte por la Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona
- Calificación: Sobresaliente
- Materias:
- Enlaces
- Tesis en acceso abierto en: TDX
- Resumen
Work engagement is an essential factor in nursing work, both for the quality of the service provided and for nurses' occupational health.
The present study proposes investigating the association between leadership styles of nursing supervisors and work commitment and elucidating the role that Perceived Organizational Support (POS) has in this relationship. The study included 85 nurses from health organizations in Catalonia, Spain, recruited using the snowball procedure.
This study applied a cross-sectional design with quantitative methodology using multiple linear regression analysis and mediation analysis (Sobel's test). Leadership styles (transformational, transactional, and laissez-faire) were evaluated, along with the scale of leadership effects through the Multifactorial Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) as independent variables. The POS as a mediating variable was assessed by the Organizational Support Test Perceived (POS), and the dependent variable, work engagement, was evaluated by the Utrecht Job Involvement Scale (UWES).
The results indicated that there are differences in work engagement depending on the job position. Nurses who worked in Socio-Health centers are more involved than nurses dedicated to Teaching and Research, Primary and Community Care, and Hospital Care. The results showed a positive correlation between transformational leadership, transactional leadership, and leadership behavior outcomes with job involvement. On the other hand, laissez-faire was negatively related to work commitment.
Also, the POS had a positive connection with job involvement. Transformational leadership, transactional leadership, and leadership behavior outcomes positively affect POS, while laissez-faire showed a negative association. Likewise, it was analyzed whether leadership styles, leadership behavior outcomes, and POS improved the prediction of job involvement; data indicated leadership behavior significantly predicted job involvement; this factor accounted for 27% of the variance of job involvement.
Furthermore, this study confirmed that POS is a significant mediator between leadership styles (transformational leadership, transactional leadership, laissez-faire) and the outcome of leadership with job involvement. According to the present study's findings, it can be concluded that leadership styles and their outcomes together with POS influence work engagement. Transformational leadership and transactional leadership are the two main leadership styles that significantly impact nurses' attitudes and engagement with their work. At the same time, laissez-faire can decrease the work engagement in the workplace that managers, supervisors, and leaders of healthcare organizations should consider. Other than that, nurses who have a high POS at work showed high work engagement levels in healthcare organizations. This study proposes different suggestions for health administrations, hospitals, managers, supervisors, leaders, and nurses to improve the level of work engagement considering basic human needs. The organization must commit to favoring effective leadership styles and ensuring a high POS. Besides, this study recommends that healthcare organizations improve leadership styles specifically for those managers, supervisors, and leaders who use the laissez-faire style in healthcare organizations. In summary, this study sheds new light on health psychology, especially in job involvement among nurses in health organizations in Catalonia, Spain.
