Enhancement of pedestrian comfort in the hot climate city of jeddah
- Autores: Badiah Ghassan M Masoud
- Directores de la Tesis: Helena Coch Roura (dir. tes.), Benoit Beckers (codir. tes.)
- Lectura: En la Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) ( España ) en 2021
- Idioma: español
- Materias:
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- Resumen
The ancient cities of hot arid climates, founded and grew linked to pedestrian mobility, followed a preferably compact growth pattern until the beginning of the 20th century. The resulting urban form impacted urban environmental conditions as the configuration of the buildings avoided part of the solar radiation and prevented the arrival of the desert wind.
The appearance of the automobile and its generalized use was favored; from the middle of the 20th century, urban growth models followed dispersed patterns. The city was structured based on the layout of spacious avenues and separate buildings, thanks to the possibility of covering large distances for the daily functional development of the population. The city tended to spread, and solar protection from buildings to others and the urban space was lost. The interiors need air conditioning to maintain acceptable thermal conditions, and the public space becomes little habitable in this type of design, and the need for private transport is further promoted, thus entering a wheel that is difficult to combat. Also, the socio-economic conditions of the societies where these cities are developed do not allow a global urban reform of the already consolidated cities to be proposed to modify their current configuration.
The planning of more recent times is committed to the construction of mass collective transport systems, with the consequent projection of essential infrastructures, in some cases underground, which require large-scale planning, and their construction takes place in the medium and long term. The appearance of these new infrastructures can be an opportunity to reverse the trend of extensive growth over the surrounding territory.
The city's planning design can recover adequate environmental qualities that can be implemented if limited to areas of limited dimensions. The implementation of infrastructure such as the metro can propose regulating the building form around its stations. The subway is an underground transport system for users who move on foot; therefore, the stations along its route become the origin and end of pedestrian mobility, and the design of a comfortable public space becomes a necessity and an opportunity. To apply new approaches, based on the analysis of the urban characteristics of the traditional city, the creation of shaded spaces that protect the user from excess solar radiation, the main factor of discomfort in these climates, is shown as an option.
In this work, we are devoted to designing proposals for the future city based on the analysis of traditional cities. Moreover, put into value solutions typical of traditional urbanism that have been taken up in modern architecture, such as balconies and tribunes on the facades to the street or the porches and setbacks of the ground floors and the formation of covered streets, to form part of the daily journeys of people who move by subway.
All studies and analyses for this work have been done on the city of Jeddah as a case study. The studies of sunlight, sky vision index, and radiation behavior have been done on the old fabric of this city and the project proposals for the modern city have been working on the existing proposals of the same city.
