This thesis combines historical data with game theory to better understand the relationship between political parties and mass behaviour. First, I study the dynamics of social issues. I show that social issues (e.g, issues related to women’s and minority rights, or racial issues) tend to follow behavioural patterns, both in terms of parties’ and citizens’ behaviour. Then, based on these patterns, I propose a new way of modelling parties’ and citizens’ behaviour. Through three theoretical papers, I deepen the dynamic interplay between political parties and the public opinion around a specific issue. My results shed light on what makes political parties be confronted with respect to an issue. They also help understanding some observed phenomena related to this interplay, like the sorting phenomenon or the question of why political parties seem to be more polarized than citizens.
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