Estudio del mecanizado asistido por vibración
- Autores: Luis Carlos Flórez García
- Directores de la Tesis: Hernán Alberto González Rojas (dir. tes.)
- Lectura: En la Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) ( España ) en 2020
- Idioma: español
- Materias:
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- Resumen
The objective of this work is to analyze the influence of assisted vibration, VAM, in the process of turning steel. Initially, the surface finish generated in a lathe displacement is studied utilizing a geometric intersection software developed in Pascal programming language. The average and maximum roughness are calculated both linearly and superficially for different cutting parameters. The conclusion is synchronism between the vibration frequency and lathe spindle's speed reduce the roughness in the surface topography of the material. However, the values of the machining parameters are not easy to establish to generate synchronism on a conventional lathe.
Then, the VAM is analyzed by means of the finite element method, FEM, using explicit dynamics in the commercial software ANSYS. The 2D model is proposed and validated for conventional turning conditions; this model used as the basis for the study of assisted vibration simulating under different conditions of frequency and oscillation of the tool. It concluded that vibration assisted cutting reduces the value of the average force used in the cut.
Next, the energy efficiency of VAM turning is studied, using the specific cut-off energy, SCE, in the models assisted by vibration in EMF as an evaluation indicator. This indicator commonly used in the study of machining and therefore used as one of the validation variables of the conventional turning model. A comparison made through the specific relative cutting energy between machining using VAM and conventional cutting. It concluded that the machining by VAM is more energy-efficient than conventional machining, that it is even more if it vibrates in the direction of the cutting speed.
Then, the experimentation of the linear turning carried out using a new resonant tool that vibrates in the cutting direction; for this, the coil circuit configured to work in resonance with the tool. The coil vibrates the tool in its second natural mode and it oscillates in the direction of the cutting speed. Then proceed to carry out the tests on the lathe, the energy consumed by the lathe, the rate of material removed and the specific energy consumed is calculated. Finally, the results are analyzed and it concluded that the use of VAM reduces the specific energy consumed in the S235 alloy by an average of 13% and in the C45E 9%.
Keywords: assisted vibration, machinability, specific cutting energy, specific energy consumed, finite element method, surface finishing.
