Analysis of the physical behavior of spine joints: application/development of complex structures
- Autores: Neda Salsabili
- Directores de la Tesis: María Isabel Prieto Barrio (dir. tes.), Joaquín Santiago López (codir. tes.)
- Lectura: En la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid ( España ) en 2019
- Idioma: español
- Tribunal Calificador de la Tesis: Francisco Velasco López (presid.), Inmaculada Martínez Pérez (secret.), Vincenzo Sapienza (voc.), Asunción Bautista Arija (voc.), Pía López Izquierdo Botín (voc.)
- Programa de doctorado: Programa de Doctorado en Innovación Tecnológica en Edificación por la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid
- Materias:
- Enlaces
- Tesis en acceso abierto en: Archivo Digital UPM
- Resumen
Bionic architecture as a main part of Bionics tries to design and construct the buildings based on layout and lines of natural forms by mimicking the geometrical principles in nature. In the 21st century, bionic architecture movement matured by incorporating the biological, mathematical and mechanical principles of nature in architectural design and evolved to be known as architecture derived from nature. Notably, the significance of this field becomes paramount in an era of ecological crisis and a need for adaptability and flexibility. Respectively, form within the course of natural evolution, flexible forms and structure that have been able to change through the changes of natural evolution prove to be the most powerful and efficient sources of inspiration.
There are different types of natural creatures for modeling in the field of bionic architecture. This thesis focused on the spine joint as a good example of flexible and adapted natural structures similar to other human joints, since they have these six key features, 1- aesthetic form by harmonizing in response to environmental forces, 2- complexity, by simultaneously adapting to functions of flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, rotation, and circumduction, 3- comfort form by remaining stable in different positions, 4- dynamic form by facilitating balance through flexible movements and internal and external forces, 5- light structural system, and 6- modular form by its repeated structure. The roles performed by the spine joint are very similar to the type of role required within the building and industrial design and therefore it is a natural element that can inform the future of architecture and industrial design. This simulation happens by using the combination of biology, construction, mathematics, mechanics, and computational programs and software. The simulation of such structure, however, would require a simplification of both in the structural and material complexity of the spine joint in accordance with the architectural and construction resources available. This, in turn, would also ease the process of modeling of such structures both for the bioengineering and construction of prosthetics as well as other structures.
The Finite element method (FEM) which is used in this research by using a different range of properties is good for modeling different geometrical parts and it can help to simulate, analyze, and investigate the effect of simplification of the material parts of human lumbar spine easier, without damaging on spine, reducing the time, the testing, the physical prototypes, and the material usages, improving the safety and information, optimizing different geometry for prosthesis and different physiological condition, measuring different distribution of stresses, displacements, and load transferring mechanisms, and assisting to develop the new spinal implants. Therefore it offers advantages in comparison to the vivo methods which have limitations in terms of measuring, obtaining the specimen, the specimen variation, being costly, and have been reported to be time-consuming.
In this thesis, to make the new structures based on human lumbar spine by having its anatomical and mechanical properties in FE method for further building joints and structures, a four-step methodology was used: first the FE of lumber was made by using a combination of different software with the CT scan data, verified formula and techniques for calculating the model, and the combination of materials, loads, and geometry properties from the validated model's data, secondly it was stripped of its materials in four continuous steps, thirdly it was stripped of its structures in four continuous steps too, and finally it was scaled 10 And 100 times greater to check its sensitivity to model the building joints and the building structure. The model in each part of the methodology was validated by comparing its intradiscal pressure (IDP) and range of motion (ROM) data with vitro and vivo experimental data.
We have shown that the results from developing structures from the FEM were consistent with the experimental IDP and ROM vivo and vitro data in all directions and in all level of developing, simplifications, and scaling. Moreover, the new building joint and structure can tolerate compression loads of 10^2 and 10^4 times, and the moments of 10^3 and 10^6 times larger than normal size by 10 times and 100 times scaling respectively in each direction with a significant reduction in the amount of stress.
The validated modeling method introduced in this study can be used for future research, in particular in producing implants and prosthesis, modeling based on the human lumbar spine for future building joints (10 times scaled), industrial design, building structure (100 times scaled), and high-rise buildings due to the modular form of the human lumbar spine with their capacities of tolerating against these large amount of loads in different directions, having the internal and external response to different types of loads, and being adaptable to nature.
