Resumen de Human missions in the solar system. Assessment of radiation hazards with monte carlo simulation tools
The human exploration of the Solar System has gained a lot of interest by space agencies and many efforts are currently under development to solve various problems for human adaptation to the space environment.
One of the key points in the hazards of the space environment, especially outside the influence of the Earth's magnetic field is the radiation environment.
The space radiation environment is a mixed field of high energy particles driven by the solar activity. There are two sources of particle radiation: solar particles events (SPE) and galactic cosmic rays (GCR).
Radiation protection assessment for this environment involves calculating the protection effects provided by shielding materials covering the habitable parts of a space vehicle or habitat, and the health risks to astronauts due to exposure to this radiation.
This work uses the MULASSIS computer simulation code developed for the European Space Agency to calculate the dose received by astronauts under several radiation source conditions, shielding material, and shielding thickness for a simplified geometry. MULASSIS is based on Geant4, a general purpose system for radiationmatter interaction using Monte Carlo algorithms.
SPE sources used correspond to a statistical model for worstcase situations, and proton fluence spectra from selected solar events that are typically used as a reference for radiation protection calculations.
GCR sources used in our calculations correspond to the CREME96 model, calculated for the worst GCR conditions that happen during solar minimum.
Two different scenarios are examined: deep space and the Lunar surface. For the deep space scenario, the geometry of the simulation consists of a set of planar slab layers on which the incoming particles impinge. One slab represents the shielding material, and behind it a reference volume consisting of a 30 cm thick slab of water represents a human body. The dose deposited on the reference volume by both the primary and secondary pa
