Regularitats vs. Irregularitats: l’urbanisme de les transicions a l’eixample cerdà
- Autores: Francisco Daniel Navas Lorenzo
- Directores de la Tesis: Estanislau Roca Blanch (dir. tes.)
- Lectura: En la Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) ( España ) en 2018
- Idioma: español
- Tribunal Calificador de la Tesis: Ferran Sagarra i Trias (presid.), Jordi Sardà Ferran (secret.), María Luisa Bravo Sánchez (voc.)
- Programa de doctorado: Programa de Doctorado en Urbanismo por la Universidad Politécnica de Catalunya
- Materias:
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- Resumen
The Cerda project defines for the first time Barcelona as a metropolis, providing the territorial incorporation framework to other municipalities for more than 150 years. Oasis and center of a larger metropolitan territory.
The first cuts and "faults" in relation to this model are related to significant topographic substrates and access infrastructures, which overlap with the fragile vertical continuity between sea and mountain.
The thesis studies these early liminal sites by analyzing the specific fabric of Camp de l’Arpa –the layout shows the preexisting agricultural structure - and of Poble Sec - virtual continuity of the existing city. The documentary research on the urban processes that cover these first fractures of the model has allowed to relate the discipline to the results and their influence on the real city.
The friction between urban events of different nature serves to study the formation of discontinuities and alterations in the homogeneity of the dominant layouts. The modern shift of paradigm that starts in the last quarter of the 19th century and continues as a radical and innovative "tsunami" until the first third of the 20th century is then studied from the perspective of two cities: Barcelona and New York, with a differentiated reticular model. The 48 years that separate the starting point of the two documents - plan and project - will confer each city its DNA, creating the basis of the modern city model. It will be of particular interest the reflection on the dimension that is most urban - that emerges from the radicality of that new city -, arisen on the grill of the 19th century.
Colliding lines, limits and internal borders, continue to present themselves as challenges to be resolved. In the retrospective look from the 21st century city, projects such as the "Plan of the Commissioners" for NYC of 1811 and the "Cerdà Project" of 1859 for BCN appear in some aspects as a premonition of modernity, and, in others, as part of an incomplete utopia.
On these fractures that Barcelona and New York draw, the thesis analyzes the bridge projects that impact the friction areas; hypotheses are presented, and in the case of the nuclei studied in detail, conclusive relationships are established between the city considered from the fragment and the construction of the urban project from this city of the new century change. A city that draws intervention lines from the perspective of the articulating irregularities as a dynamic and active component of the contemporary project.
From this break-up and fragmentation of classic urban planning, the thesis describes a new language for reformulating urban projection starting from the fragment; a reformulation that puts the value in space without urban attributes or qualities, a space that can then become meaningful as a project space, protagonist, representative and iconographic.
The importance of measure and proportion in the grid, as well as its relevance in the irregular evolution – which is linked to the architecture that configures the image of the actual built city - of the ‘mansana’ (the ‘inter-street’ space, as Cerda called it) has also been emphasized. An integrated vision that understands architecture and the city as part of a complex three-dimensional system.
In the context of these transgressions to geometric logic, the underlying structures -the projects within the project- have also been analyzed. In the Cerdà case, they have revealed the projectual substructures which we now identify as an "urban project".
Contemplated now, from the first third of the 21st century, the city of Barcelona gives us a better perspective of the contemporary adhered urban system. And also, it allows us to see the way in which part of that projected "tomorrow" has served to accommodate subsequent events that have contradicted regularity, making "utopian" what was part of a deeply rational thought
