Optical and visual characterization of multifocal contact lenses and multifocal intraocular lenses
- Autores: Anna Giner Tort
- Directores de la Tesis: Jaume Pujol Ramo (dir. tes.), Montserrat Arjona Carbonell (dir. tes.)
- Lectura: En la Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) ( España ) en 2018
- Idioma: español
- Tribunal Calificador de la Tesis: Josep Arasa i Martí (presid.), José Fernández Dorado (secret.), José Luis Güell Villanueva (voc.)
- Programa de doctorado: Programa de Doctorado en Ingeniería Óptica por la Universidad Politécnica de Catalunya
- Materias:
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- Resumen
Vision is presented and universally accepted as the most precious of the human senses.lt is structured in three main parts: the optical system {eye), the photo-sensor {eye's retina), and the data processor (brain). If one of them is affected by any disease or dysfunction, vision will be terrible or even nonexistent One of the most common dysfunction is presbyopia.lt i s an age-related disorder that is undergone by all the population s ince their mid-late-40s and it is consists in the loss of the ability to focus near objects (accommodation). A huge number of possible corrections of it can be easily found. On one hand, there are temporary corrections ,as progressive spectacle tenses or multifocal contact tenses. On the other hand, permanent corrections as multifocal i ntraocular lenses, multifocal cornea! ablation, accommodating intraocular tenses, monovision systems, or scleral modifications are also applied to correct presbyopia. Another age-related dysfunction is cataract. Cataract is the opacification of the crystalline fens and decreases the quality of the visual function. Consequently, it is one of the leading visual impairments in adults over 60 years old, affecting the half of the adults aged between 75-85 years old. The only possible solution far cataract is the extraction of the opacified fibers of the crystalline lens and the replacement of them with an intraocular lens by surgery. Due to the fact that all the patients affected by an age-related cataract are also affected by presbyopia it is totally understandable that a number of patients choose mulltifocal introcular lens to substitute their crystalline tenses .This way, only one surgery is needed to salve both age-related dysfunctions. Usually, young presbyopes choose a temporary correction as a first option to correct presbyopia. Some presbyopia corrections are based on the simultaneous vision principie, as, far example, multifocal contact or intraocular lenses. The optical design of these kind of lenses is very complex. Consequently, It is characterization is also difficult When these lenses were launched into the market, it was only possible to characterize optical quality before the implantation or the adaptation of them (characterization in vitro) and the visual quality after the surgery or the clinical adaptation was performed (characterization) .M. present and thanks to the technological advances, different new commercial instruments that are to perform characterization in vivo of the visual quality before the implantation or the adaptation of simultaneous vis ion tenses. They are based on the simulation of the vision that these tenses give to the implanted eye. Some experimental prototypes and commercial aberrometers or double pass systems have used to perform an optical quality characterization in vivo, but some issues have been reported. Taking into account all this information, the main goal of this thesis is the design and the assembly of a new open-field double-pass system with asymmetric focus that is suitable to characterize invivo optical quality in patients implanted or adapted with multifocal intraocular or contact lenses. In order to achieve this aim, different studies and processes were carried out Review of presbyopia corrections and the characterization of them (Clinical study about objective over-refraction wearing multifocal contact lenses); Verification of the suitability of one commerciat simulator (Clinical study with the commercial simulator VirtlOL (10lens S.l.)); Design and assembly of the double-pass system with asymmetric focus (Opto-mechanical design/ Validation of all the elements included in the system/ Optical validation of the system); Programming of the softwares to manage the system; Validation of the new prototype (Two clinical studies characterizing eyes implanted with multifocal introcular tenses by using the new system were done).
