Evaluación y análisis de sus propiedades de su durabilidad y de la aplicación de los morteros reciclados que utilizan materiales secundarios

• Autores: Francisca Guadalupe Cabrera Covarrubias
• Directores de la Tesis: José Manuel Vicente Gómez Soberón (dir. tes.), Jorge Luis Almaral Sánchez (dir. tes.)
• Lectura: En la Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) ( España ) en 2017
• Idioma: español
• Tribunal Calificador de la Tesis: Joan Lluís Zamora i Mestre (presid.), Fernando López Gayarre (secret.), Carlos Thomas García (voc.)
• Materias:
  • Ciencias tecnológicas
    • Tecnología de la construcción
      • Ingeniería civil
    • Tecnología de materiales
      • Propiedades de materiales
    • Tecnología e ingeniería mecánicas
      • Material de construcción
• Texto completo no disponible (Saber más ...)
• Resumen

  • In recent years the increase in waste generated by various sectors has caused problems of waste management that mostly have as final destination the landfills; however, this option it is unacceptable for the economic and environmental problems that these entail. On the other hand, the construction sector plays an important role in the economic development of a country; nevertheless, it generates a great environmental impact due to the extraction of virgin materials. Since the natural resources in the construction are limited, is appropriate and necessary the search for alternatives that comply with comparable functions to the usual aggregates, and also reduce the consumption of non-renewable resources. Therefore, recycled materials proceeding from residues of construction and demolition or other solid residues, can be harnessed by using them (through a suitable process) as recycled aggregates in concrete and mortars. Since the current regulations do not allow the use of aggregates in their fine fraction in concrete, and their use in mortars has not yet been regulated; This study addresses the study of mortars that incorporate recycled fine aggregates from concrete, glass and ceramic materials to replace different percentages of the usual aggregate (10, 15, 20, 30, 50, 60 and 100%). The research focuses on the particular scientific study of the aspects and characteristics of each recycled mortar and of the own waste that is used; which, prior to the manufacture of mortars was them required his characterization (as also of the aggregate usual one) for its comparison and comparable adequacy for its use in mortars. Manufacture of mortars; tests were carried out corresponding to its fresh state (consistency, density and air content) and hardened (density, absorption, compression, flexure and modulus of elasticity), as well as durability (basic, total and drying shrinkage) at different ages of study. As regards the properties in fresh condition, the research presented as additional variable the effect of the cement:sand ratio (1:3.25, 1:4 and 1:4.75). Since this thesis satisfies the publication compendium modality, three articles are presented, of which two refer to the properties of the mortars, and one to recycled concrete. The first article undertakes the study of the properties in fresh state of mortars with different percentages of ceramic aggregate and for the different cement:sand ratio; with the experimental results obtained, an interaction diagram was obtained which easily relates the properties of the same with reference to the percentage of substitution. The second article presents the results obtained in the study of the properties in hardened state (with emphasis on the modulus of elasticity) of the mortars, in which by means of specific analysis of the stress-strain curve characteristic of the same, obtained the properties of tenacity and resilience; As well as the numerical extrapolation of its equations that allow its prediction. The third publication presents the study of concrete manufactured with coarse recycled aggregate from wastes of concrete as a substitute for the usual aggregate; in these, different percentages of an additive with origin in PET were also used. This additive was obtained through a chemical process and incorporated as improvement of microstructure of concrete, which translates into a decrease of high porosity caused by the use of the recycled aggregates. As an annex to this thesis, other articles complementing the study carried out with the research theme are provided, which deal with different mortar properties with recycled aggregates of glass and concrete.