The main objective of this thesis is the study of a marine sediment core located in front of French Guiana (7°48¿75¿¿N, 53°0¿80¿¿W, -1233m bsl and 39m length), in northern South America. The last 415,000 years were studied at high resolution by identification and quantification of organic fossil compounds.
Two types of biomarkers were used: continental (n-alkanes and n-alcohols) which are synthesized by higher plants and marine (C37 alkenones) which are synthesized by phytoplankton (some species of Hapthophyceae). The former provide information on precipitation and vegetation changes in the Amazon basin and the later show the sea surface temperatures variations in the studied area.
Despite being closer to equator, the Guiana region records perfectly the glacial/interglacial variations (last 4 cycles) and the submillennial variability, including the D-O and HE that are characteristic of the last glacial period.
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