Rehabilitación ambiental de la envolvente de viviendas. El caso de Mendoza
- Autores: Carolina Ganem Karlen
- Directores de la Tesis: Helena Coch Roura (dir. tes.), Alfredo Esteves Miramont (codir. tes.)
- Lectura: En la Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) ( España ) en 2006
- Idioma: español
- Tribunal Calificador de la Tesis: Rafael Serra Florensa (presid.), Albert Cuchí i Burgos (secret.), Ángel Luis León Rodríguez (voc.), Ramon San Martín Páramo (voc.), Marco Sala (voc.)
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- Resumen
INTRODUCTION: The building stock is a valuable cultural resource that constitutes the tissue and image of the cities and contributes to the identity of the people that live in them.
It also represents important amounts of material resources and embodied energy. Nowadays, users' comfort needs are not satisfied by buildings. It is imprescindible to search how to give answers to the existing building's situation through methodologies and environmental criteria from the design itself, adapted to be used and put into practice in an immediate and constant way.
The possibility TO TAKE ADVANTAGES FROM THE EXPRESSIVE OPPORTUNITIES AND THE FLEXIBILITY CAPACITY OF THE ENVELOPE is proposed, so that the relationship between the interior and the exterior environment is optimized. HYPOTHESIS: The building stock offers environmental rehabilitation potentialities that allow to diminish energy consumption and to reduce pollutant emissions, from the design of its envelope. This way, it is possible to transform actual buildings from energy consumers to lesser consumers and/or energy producers, but without ceasing the consideration of its impression in the cultural context.
OBJETIVE: To deepen the knowledge of techniques for environmental and energetic rehabilitation of the envelope in temperate-continental climates. And by this mean to contribute to the improvement of the quality of life and the comfort of the users from the environmental, energetic and cultural points of view. To achieve these it is proposed: - To elaborate envelope rehabilitation proposals, for Mendoza's particular case, that enable an improvement in comfort and/or in the energetic situation and diminish the negative impact on the environment.
- To obtain particular results that could be generalized to other design cases that respond to similar climatic conditions and technologies. STUCTURE: The 1st theoretical stage consists of the knowledge of the architectonic envelope and the delimitation of the climate and the place of study. Three single-familiy housing typologies consolidated in the urban tissue of the city in study are identified. In the 2nd stage of qualitative and quantitative diagnosis of the envelope, it is evaluated the energetic, thermal and luminic behaviour of the typologies in study. The 3rd stage corresponds to the proposal of alternatives for the environmental rehabilitation of the envelope by means of application to specific cases. The conclusive stage pretends to contribute in the advance of the knowledge and in its diffusion, through the evaluation of the scope and the possibilities of repetition in similar typologies and climate contexts.
CONCLUSIONS: The influence that the envelope has in the achievement of comfort in spaces is associated with the envelope surface/interior volume relationship. WINTER: In the open typology case, energy conservation presents an stronger action.
Passive gain is the strategy that has the higher incidence in the compact typology. For the semi-compact typology case, both strategies present an equivalent action in the total intervention. It is possible to improve the interior comfort through the proposed environmental rehabilitation in all typologies. (90-100% PMV 100% at 22ºC). SUMMER: In the open typology case, protection to radiation presents an stronger action.
Natural cooling is the strategy that has the higher incidence in the compact typology. For the semi-compact typology case, both strategies present an equivalent action in the total intervention. It is possible to improve the interior comfort through the proposed environmental rehabilitation in all typologies. (70-90% PMV 100% at 24ºC). The adequacy of the envelope environmental rehabilitation proposal to the cultural context will favour its acceptance by users. Their conformity is in relation with the expressive perception because the envelope is the means of communication with the surroundings; it is the public image of their family.
