Candidaturas independientes. ¿Solución a la crisis de representación política?

• Santiago Castillo, Javier ^[1] ; Larrosa Haro, Manuel ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa
• Localización: Ciencia jurídica, ISSN 2007-3577, Vol. 7, Nº. 13, 2018 (Ejemplar dedicado a: enero-junio 2018), págs. 203-220
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Independent candidates. Solution to the political representation crisis?
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo (pdf)
• Resumen
  • español

    El concepto de candidatura en los sistemas electorales democráticos está íntimamente relacionado con el derecho a ocupar un cargo de elección popular mediante el derecho al voto de los ciudadanos. Ahora bien, un candidato independiente es aquella persona sin militancia en un partido político, aunque pudiera ser simpatizante y que cumple con los requisitos de elegibilidad y tiene el respaldado de un determinado número de ciudadanos. A partir de la Reforma constitucional de 2012, se consagró el derecho de los ciudadanos para ser candidatos por la vía independiente. En 2014, las candidaturas independientes fueron incorporadas formalmente al Sistema Electoral Federal Mexicano. Los problemas que surgen a partir de la nueva figura electoral para la participación en los comicios han sido revisados en diversos textos académicos. Sin embargo, poco se ha discutido sobre el problema fundamental a dilucidar en una época de crisis institucional generalizada de la figura partido político, al respecto nos preguntamos: ¿Las candidaturas independientes resuelven la crisis de representación política en el sistema político mexicano?

  • English

    The concept of candidacy is intimately related to the right to occupy a position of popular election through the right to vote. However, an independent candidate is that autonomous person to a political party, which meets eligibility requirements and is backed by a certain number of citizens. Since the Constitutional Reform of 2012, the right of citizens to become independent candidates has been enshrined. In 2014, independent candidates were formally incorporated into the Mexican Federal Electoral System. The problems arising from the emergence of this modality in the elections have been reviewed in various academic texts, however, little has been discussed about the fundamental problem to be elucidated in an era of widespread institutional crisis, that is, by questioning: Do independent candidates solve the crisis of political representation in the Mexican political system? It is so, the present analysis originates; based on the hypothesis that the regime of independent candidacies was inserted in an electoral system designed so that the political parties are exclusive actors in the electoral competition. For this reason, for independent candidates to counteract the crisis of political representation, their regulation must be reconsidered in light of the characteristics of the Mexican political system and the crisis of institutionality and legitimacy.