In the paper the current state, especially possibilities of and barriers to the free movement of researchers and their freedom to enjoy fundamental rights within European Union (hereinafter: EU) are discussed. In the first part of the paper, relevant terms such as “researcher” and “mobility” are explained in detail. Then, an overview of instruments adopted at EU level aimed at ensuring conditions for free movement of knowledge is presented. In the second part of the paper the jurisprudence of the CJEU is examined, in order to detect the current position and potential improvements in the conditions under which researchers are involved in mobility in comparison to (all other EU) workers. Emphasis is given to questions of status of researcher, social benefits, financial security and conditions of work.
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