This book is based on the research performed for the Replacement of Neanderthals by Modern Humans Project. The central issue of the project is the investigation of possible differences between the two populations in cognitive ability for learning. The project aims to evaluate a unique working hypothesis, coined as the learning hypothesis, which postulates that differences in learning eventually resulted in the replacement of those populations. The book deals with relevant archaeological records to understand the learning behaviours of Neanderthals and modern humans. Learning behaviours are conditioned by numerous factors including not only cognitive ability but also cultural traditions, social structure, population size, and life history. The book addresses the issues in two parts, comparing learning behaviours in terms of cognitive ability and social environments, respectively. Collectively, it provides new insights into the behavioural characteristics of Neanderthals and modern humans from a previously overlooked perspective. Furthermore, it highlights the significance of understanding learning in prehistory, the driving force for any development of culture and technology among human society.
Learning Behaviors Among Neanderthals and Palaeolithic Modern Humans: An Introduction
págs. 1-6
Neural Underpinnings of Creative Thinking and Tool Use: A Meta-Analysis of Neuroimanging Data
Naoki Miura, Yukako Sasaki, Kunihiro Hasegawa, Hiroki C. Tanabe
págs. 9-21
págs. 23-34
págs. 35-55
Mastering Hammer Use in Stone Knapping: An Experiment
págs. 59-76
Evidence for Neanderthal Hand Preferences from the Late Middle Palaeolithic Site of Buhlen, Germany: Insights into Neanderthal Learning Behaviour
págs. 77-94
Good and Bad Knappers Among Neanderthals
Javier Baena Preysler, Irene Ortiz Nieto-Márquez, Concepción Torres Navas
págs. 95-117
The Apprentice Core: Evidence from a Lithic Refitting at the Upper Palaeolithic Site Kyushirataki-5 in Hokkaido, Northern Japan
págs. 119-127
págs. 129-147
págs. 149-158
págs. 161-178
Modeling Learning Strategies and the Expansion of the Social Network in the Beginning of Upper Palaeolithic Europe: Analysis by Agent-Based Simulation
págs. 179-191
Transculturation Versus Acculturation: A Clarification
págs. 193-206
Ratchets and Replacement: The Potential Role of Cultural Accumulation in the Replacement of Neanderthals by Modern Humans
págs. 207-212
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