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The Routledge Companion to Marxisms in Art History

Imagen de portada del libro The Routledge Companion to Marxisms in Art History

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  • Speculation is a process with an uncertain outcome. One can speak of speculation in terms of philosophy, finance, and art. In these domains it refers, respectively, to thought based on theory rather than knowledge; to investments looking for future returns; and to untried creative procedures. Although these philosophical, financial, and artistic activities may seem distinct, in her recent book, Speculation as a Mode of Production (2019), Marina Vishmidt demonstrates the convergence between them within the economy and culture of neo-liberalism (144). In an economic environment in which finance replaces industry as the primary means to extract wealth from workers, “human capital”, for Vishmidt, becomes “the accepted norm of personhood” (218). From the perspective of human capital, the individual does not experience value as the outcome and payment for labor but rather inherent to themselves as a bearer of credentials, networks, and experience. For Vishmidt, “the figure of the artist is simply that of a specialist of this process” (163). This artist assumes authority and credentials—that is, speculates on their human capital—by proffering ideas on what art could be, rather than through craft labor (173, 178, 188–89). The result is a “generic” artistic practice, one that increasingly resembles speculative philosophy because the artist can declare any type of object or activity to be “art” (225). As a radical figuration of “human capital”, the work of generic art, therefore, merges philosophical, artistic, and financial speculation.

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