This book analyses the evolving nature of democratic threats and identifies strategies necessary to safeguard democratic governance in an increasingly turbulent political environment.
It explores how democratic systems in Europe have faced, and continue to face, threats from various entities that exhibit essential characteristics of being enemies of democracy, including fascism, Nazism, authoritarianism, and modern forms of populism and external interference. Through detailed case studies, the book examines the tactics used by enemies of democracy to undermine the sovereignty of political nations, from the rise of totalitarian regimes in the twentieth century to contemporary challenges like Russia’s democratic decline and hybrid warfare tactics in Poland and Estonia. It also highlights how certain democracies have successfully resisted these threats, offering valuable lessons for protecting democratic values and institutions in today’s world. Going beyond historical analysis, the book provides a comprehensive theoretical framework for understanding and categorising the enemies of democracy, transforming the concept from a normative idea into a powerful analytical tool.
This book will be of key interest to scholars and students of European history and politics, political theory, democracy, political systems, political philosophy, and comparative politics.
págs. 3-12
Theoretical Perspectives on Enemies of Democracy: Navigating the Battlefield
págs. 13-26
From Banning Paramilitary Groups to Banning Social Media Profiles: Enemies of Democracy and Four Generations of Militant Democratic Means
págs. 27-42
págs. 45-59
How Authoritarian Actors Create a Democratic Regime: The Evolution of Franco’s Spain From Fascist Roots to Militant Democracy
José Luis Orella Martínez, Carlos Gregorio Hernández Hernández
págs. 60-74
From Weimar Democracy to Totalitarianism: How the NSDAP’s Social Mobilisation and Elite Elimination Paved the Way for Nazi Victory
págs. 75-90
Why Did European Terrorists Fail in the Twentieth Century?: The Traditional Enemies of Democracy and Their Struggle for Political Relevance
págs. 91-103
págs. 104-124
Russia’s Political Deep Structures as the Inherent Enemy of Democracy: Chronicle of a Death Foretold in Terms of Systems Analysis
págs. 125-139
págs. 140-152
Hybrid Interference at the Polish-Belarusian Border in 2021: Explaining the Success of Destabilisation Efforts
págs. 153-168
Why Do Electoral Meddlers Fail to Succeed in Estonia?: Explaining Resilience to Interference in Democracy
págs. 169-185
págs. 186-204
Confronting Old and New Enemies: The Evolution from Militant to Cyber Militant Democracy
págs. 205-215
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