Desarrollo de sistemas hiperespectrales

• Autores: Yolanda Navarro Herraiz
• Localización: Boletín de observación tecnológica en defensa, ISSN-e 2444-4839, ISSN 2444-4847, Nº. 28 (tercer trimestre), 2010, págs. 13-15
• Idioma: español
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• Resumen

  • In the electromagnetic spectrum, human vision is inside the region called “visible radiation”. The eye could be compared with a sensor that works like a photographic camera, consisting of an optics system: a cornea and a clear crystal that creates images in the detector, in this case the retina.

    As with detectors in photographic cameras, the retina provides three types of receptors (cones), and its sensibility maximums are close to red, green and blue. The result of the combination of signals coming from the different types of cones is the colour vision. The capacity to distinguish or associate colours depends on the proportion of the detectors in the retina.

    Multispectral systems integrated intounmanned platforms were introduced with the objective of exceeding human colour vision limits..

    The aeroplanes and satellites can carry out aerial missions of recognition. Multispectral systems can record information in specific areas of the electromagnetic spectrum, and hyperspectral systems can record information in continuous areas of the spectrum. A hyperspectral device consists essentially of optics that collect radiation, a wavelength selector and a detector. Different devices can be classified depending on the type of the wavelength selector and the detector.

    These devices amplify the human range vision to other spectrum regions:

    NIR, MWIR… This is why the hyperspectral systems field has been extended to a wide variety of applications: identification of ground, forensic analysis, spectroscopy of textiles