The charters from the monastery of Otero de las Dueñas include a very interesting set of private documents referring to the northern Iberian area of the high Esla, in the Mountains of León, around the year 1000. A significant part of these texts refers to the payment of fines and the resolution of disputes in a local area. The analysis of this evidence reveals the different types of conflict that were usual in a ‘small world’, and the impact that social status, sex and gender had on such dynamics. This study sheds light on aspects of daily life frequently glossed over by other types of official documents, while also enhancing our understanding of how social control was enforced and how individuals and communities exercised daily resistance.
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