Eficacia del apósito natural versus convencional en cicatrización de leishmaniasis cutánea. Mérida, 2024 Effectiveness of the natural dressing vs conventional dressing in healing of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Merida, 2024

• Carrero, José ^[1] ; Rodríguez, Noris ^[2] ; Carrero, Albert ^[1] ; Carrero, Eliana ^[1] ; Carrero, Lexis ^[1] ; Carrero, Andrés ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad de Los Andes

     Universidad de Los Andes

     Colombia

     
  2. [2] Universidad Central de Venezuela

     Universidad Central de Venezuela

     Venezuela

     
• Localización: GICOS: Revista del Grupo de Investigaciones en Comunidad y Salud, ISSN-e 2610-797X, Vol. 9, Nº. 3 (septiembre-diciembre), 2024, págs. 261-278
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Effectiveness of the natural dressing vs conventional dressing in healing of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Merida, 2024
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• Resumen
  • español

    La Leishmaniasis Cutánea Localizada (LCL) es un problema de salud pública mundial y catalogada Enfermedad Infecciosa Desatendida, en Venezuela es de predominio rural y bajas condiciones sociales. A nivel mundial, regional y local el enfoque terapéutico es netamente antiparasitario en con antimoniales con acceso, costo, respuesta terapéutica y efectos secundarios no alentadores. La úlcera como “necesidad sentida” queda en relego de manejo entre el (médico, enfermera) que enfrenta deficiencias de recursos, variabilidad procedimental, atención de bajo valor por la Cura Seca hasta incluso con iatrogenia. Hechos que hacen relucir el espacio socioantropológico, o sea las percepciones y creencias (saber popular) frecuentemente “tergiversados”, hacen el manejo de úlceras propiamente y control parasitario un verdadero reto. En respuesta, la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) auspicia buscar nuevas terapéuticas, siendo la Cura Húmeda el actual enfoque científico en cicatrización cutánea, se plantea un dispositivo médico de cubrimiento al lecho úlcerado. Objetivo: determinar la eficacia del Apósito Natural (AN) versus el Apósito Convencional (AC) en la curación de LCL. Metodología: estudio experimental (Fase III), aleatorio, doble ciego en LCL del estado Mérida (Venezuela). Datos se analizan con Epidat 3.1 y SPSS 20; calculo del tamaño muestral (99 % de confianza). Resultados: se halla diferencias significativas al AN en las tasas de curación y sus variables de comparación, sin efectos secundarios, permitiendo buena calidad de vida. Conclusión: el AN posee eficacia para la curación de LCL y dada la significativa bondad clínico – terapéutica se plantea como herramienta de elección en el manejo de estas úlceras.Localized Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (LCL) is a global public health problem and is classified as a Neglected Infectious Disease. In Venezuela, it is predominantly rural and has low social conditions. At the global, regional and local level, the therapeutic approach is clearly antiparasitic with antimonials, with access, cost, therapeutic response and side effects that are not encouraging. The ulcer as a “felt need” is relegated to management by the (doctor, nurse) who faces resource deficiencies, procedural variability, low-value care due to Dry Cure, even with iatrogenesis. Facts that highlight the socio-anthropological space, that is, perceptions and beliefs (popular knowledge) frequently “distorted”, make the proper management of ulcers and parasite control a real challenge. In response, the World Health Organization (WHO) supports the search for new therapies, with Wet Cure being the current scientific approach to cutaneous healing, a medical device for covering the ulcerated bed is proposed. Objective: To determine the efficacy of Natural Dressing (NA) versus Conventional Dressing (CD) in the healing of LCL. Methodology: an experimental study (Phase III), randomized, double-blind was designed in LCL in the state of Merida (Venezuela). Data were analyzed with Epidat 3.1 and SPSS 20; the sample size was calculated (99% confidence interval). Results: significant differences were found in the healing rates of NA and its comparison variables, with no side effects, allowing a good quality of life. Conclusion: NA is effective in the healing of LCL and given its significant clinical-therapeutic benefits, it is considered the tool of choice in the management of these ulcers.Recibido: 20-08-2024Aceptado: 28-09-2024Publicado: 01-11-2024

  • English

    Localized Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (LCL) is a global public health problem and is classified as a Neglected Infectious Disease. In Venezuela, it is predominantly rural and has low social conditions. At the global, regional and local level, the therapeutic approach is clearly antiparasitic with antimonials, with access, cost, therapeutic response and side effects that are not encouraging. The ulcer as a “felt need” is relegated to management by the (doctor, nurse) who faces resource deficiencies, procedural variability, low-value care due to Dry Cure, even with iatrogenesis. Facts that highlight the socio-anthropological space, that is, perceptions and beliefs (popular knowledge) frequently “distorted”, make the proper management of ulcers and parasite control a real challenge. In response, the World Health Organization (WHO) supports the search for new therapies, with Wet Cure being the current scientific approach to cutaneous healing, a medical device for covering the ulcerated bed is proposed. Objective: To determine the efficacy of Natural Dressing (NA) versus Conventional Dressing (CD) in the healing of LCL. Methodology: an experimental study (Phase III), randomized, double-blind was designed in LCL in the state of Merida (Venezuela). Data were analyzed with Epidat 3.1 and SPSS 20; the sample size was calculated (99% confidence interval). Results: significant differences were found in the healing rates of NA and its comparison variables, with no side effects, allowing a good quality of life. Conclusion: NA is effective in the healing of LCL and given its significant clinical-therapeutic benefits, it is considered the tool of choice in the management of these ulcers.