Determinantes de la conducta planeada como predictores del consumo de tabaco y alcohol en adolescentes

• Autores: Manuel Antonio López Cisneros, Magdalena Alonso Castillo
• Localización: Horizonte Sanitario, ISSN 1665-3262, ISSN-e 2007-7459, Vol. 21, Nº. 2, 2022, págs. 300-307
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Determinants of Planned Behavior as Predictors of Tobacco and Alcohol Consumption in Adolescents
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• Dialnet Métricas: 3 Citas
• Resumen
  • español

    Objetivo: Conocer el efecto de los determinantes de la conducta planeada sobre el consumo de tabaco y alcohol en adolescentes de preparatoria.

    Material y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio correlacional predictivo con 735 adolescentes de preparatoria pública pertenecientes al Estado de Nuevo León, México. Mediante cuestionario autoadministrado, incluyendo variables sociodemográficas, consumo de tabaco y alcohol, actitud, norma subjetiva y control conductual percibido hacia el consumo de tabaco y alcohol. Se realizaron modelos de regresión logística de la actitud, norma subjetiva, control conductual percibido sobre el consumo de tabaco y alcohol.

    Resultados: La norma subjetiva (OR = 1.02, p = .028) y el control conductual percibido     (OR = 1.084, p = .001) se mostraron significativos para predecir el consumo de tabaco alguna vez en la vida. Mientras que la actitud (OR= .980, p = .017), norma subjetiva (OR = 1.034, p = .025) y control conductual percibido (OR = 1.080, p = .001) se mostraron significativos para predecir el consumo de alcohol alguna vez en la vida.

    Conclusiónes: Con base a los resultados, se puede determinar la utilidad y pertinencia de la teoría de la conducta planeada y la generación de nuevos conocimientos científicos que permitan el diseño de programas para enfrentar las situaciones que los adolescentes perciben como facilitadores para el consumo de tabaco y alcohol.

    Palabras clave: Adolescente; Consumo de bebidas alcohólicas; Consumo de tabaco; Actitud; Normas sociales.

  • English

    Objective: know the effect of the determinants of planned behavior on tobacco and alcohol consumption in adolescents high schools.

    Material and Methods: A predictive correlational descriptive study was carried out with 735 adolescents from High school in the State of Nuevo León, Mexico. A self-administered questionnaire was used, which includes concerning sociodemographic variables, tobacco and alcohol consumption, attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control towards tobacco and alcohol consumption. Logistic regression models were carried out of attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control on tobacco and alcohol consumption.

    Results: The subjective norm (OR = 1.02, p = .028) and the perceived behavioral control (OR = 1.084, p = .001) were showed significant for predicting tobacco consumption ever in life. While attitude (OR = .980, p = .017), subjective norm (OR = 1.034, p = .025) and perceived behavioral control (OR = 1.080, p = .001) were showed significant for predicting alcohol consumption ever in life.

    Conclusions: With based on the results, it is possible to determine the usefulness and relevance of the theory of planned behavior and the generation of new scientific knowledges that allows the design of programs to face the situations that adolescents perceive as facilitators of tobacco and alcohol consumption.

    Keywords: Adolescent; Alcohol drinking; Tobacco consumption; Attitude; Social norms.