Juan Gelman nació en Buenos Aires en 1930. A las puertas de que la dictadura cívico-militar se instaurara en la Argentina, Gelman abandona su país perseguido por los ideales políticos expresados en su actividad literaria y periodística. En su huida, deja atrás a muchos familiares y amigos cercanos que mueren en su ausencia, entre los que está su propio hijo y su nuera embarazada —ambos desaparecidos por la dictadura— y su madre, una judía ucraniana exiliada en la Argentina, a cuya muerte Juan Gelman dedica el poema que nos ocupa en este estudio.
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the differentexpressions of the notion of estrangement in Juan Gelman's poem "Carta a mi madre". The context of the Argentinean poet's political exile appears only as an anecdote to set the scene of the poem — the poetic voice receives the news of his mother's death in exile. It is fromthis event that the poet reflects on his conflictive relationship with the figure of the mother and performs a reinterpretation of his own identity. The work gathers Lacan's postulates on the conformation of the subject (particularly the mirror stage), as well as others from psychoanalytical criticism, to analyze the bewildering process of detachment-union of the subject with the mother, which in Gelman's poem is expressed in a poetic voice that speaks from a trance between the dark of uterine life and the dark of death.
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