SEOM clinical guidelines for cancer anorexia‑cachexia syndrome (2023)

• Ainara Soria Rivas ^[2] ; Yolanda Escobar Álvarez ^[3] ; Ana Blasco Cordellat ^[4] ; Margarita Majem Tarruella ^[1] ; Kevin Molina Mata ^[5] ; Marta Motilla de la Cámara ^[6] ; Mª del Mar Muñoz Sánchez ^[7] ; Marta Zafra Poves ^[8] ; Carmen Beato Zambrano ^[9] ; Luis Cabezón Gutierrez ^[10]
  1. [1] Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau

     Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau

     Barcelona, España

     
  2. [2] Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Univ. Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
  3. [3] Medical Oncology Department, Hospital General Univ. Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
  4. [4] Medical Oncology Department, Consorcio Hospital General Univ. de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
  5. [5] Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Duran I Reynals, Institut Català D’Oncologia L’Hospitalet (ICO), Barcelona, Spain
  6. [6] Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital General Univ. Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
  7. [7] Medical Oncology Department, Hospital General Virgen de La Luz, Cuenca, Spain
  8. [8] Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Univ. Morales Meseguer, Murcia, Spain
  9. [9] Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Univ. Virgen Macarena, Seville, Spain
  10. [10] Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Univ. de Torrejón, Madrid, Spain

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• Localización: Clinical & translational oncology, ISSN 1699-048X, Vol. 26, Nº. 11, 2024, págs. 2866-2876
• Idioma: inglés
• Texto completo no disponible (Saber más ...)
• Resumen

  • Cancer-related anorexia-cachexia syndrome (CACS) is a debilitating condition aficting up to 80% of advanced-stage cancer patients. Characterized by progressive weight loss, muscle wasting, and metabolic abnormalities, CACS signifcantly compromises patients’ quality of life and treatment outcomes. This comprehensive review navigates through its intricate physiopathology, elucidating its stages and diagnostic methodologies. CACS manifests in three distinct stages: pre-cachexia, established cachexia, and refractory cachexia. Early detection is pivotal for efective intervention and is facilitated by screening tools, complemented by nutritional assessments and professional evaluations. The diagnostic process unravels the complex interplay of metabolic dysregulation and tumor-induced factors contributing to CACS. Management strategies, tailored to individual patient profles, encompass a spectrum of nutritional interventions. These include dietary counseling, oral nutritional supplements, and, when necessary, enteral nutrition and a judicious use of parenteral nutrition. Specifc recommendations for caloric intake, protein requirements, and essential nutrients address the unique challenges posed by CACS. While pharmacological agents like megestrol acetate may be considered, their use requires careful evaluation of potential risks. At its core, this review underscores the imperative for a holistic and personalized approach to managing CACS, integrating nutritional interventions and pharmacological strategies based on a nuanced understanding of patient’s condition