Resumen de Amonio y sulfato en el crecimiento, actividad fisiológica y estado nutrimental de las plantas de lisianthus cv. ABC 1-2 rosado oscuro
Armando Hernández Pérez
, Luis Alonso Valdez Aguilar, Juana Cruz García Santiago, Alonso Méndez López, José Antonio González Fuentes, Vicente Torres Olivar, Daniela Alvarado Camarillo, Fabiola Aureoles Rodríguez, Perpetuo Álvarez Vázquez
Nitrogen (N) and Sulfur (S) are nutrients that have a strong uptake interaction. Therefore, the addition of these nutrients in the right ratio has a positive influence in plant development. This work is aiming to assess the effects of the interaction between NH4+ and SO42- at different concentrations, on the growth, physiology and macronutrient concentration in Lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum (Raf.) Shinn.) cv. Dark Pink ABC 1-2. The trial treatments included three concentrations of NH4+ (0, 2.5 and 5 meq L-1) and two concentrations of SO42- (7 y 10 meq L-1). The different concentrations of SO42- y NH4+ were based on Steiner’s nutrient solution modifications. We used 10-liter black polyethylene containers and perlite substrate with particles size of 0.2-0.5mm in diameter. The results showed that the stem diameter and dry biomass production of roots, stems, flowers and total biomass were higher with 5 meq L-1 of NH4+ and 7 meq L-1 of SO42-. On the other hand, total leaf dry weight and plant height were higher with 2.5 meq L-1 of NH4+ and 7 meq L-1 of SO42-. The plants showed the same behavior in terms of photosynthesis, transpiration and stomatal conductance. We obtained the highest concentration of N and P by applying 2.5 meq L-1 of NH4+ with 10 meq L-1 of SO42. Furthermore, Mg, and S concentrations were higher when we supplied 2.5 meq L-1 of NH4+ with the two concentrations of SO42; while K and Ca were higher when we increased the concentration of NH4+ with 7 meq L-1 of SO42-. We obtained the best growth rate, biomass production and nutrient concentration (K and Ca) in Lisianthus plants with 5 meq L-1 of NH4+/ 7 meq L-1 of SO42-; while physiological activity improved with 2.5 meq L-1 of NH4+ / 7 meq L-1 of SO42- ratio.
