Ethnicity and refractive errors in Peruvian children aged 7–11 years: A five-year analysis of the Demographic and Health Survey
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Guillermo De-La-Borda-Prazak [1] ; Carolina Mendez-Guerra [1] ; Fiorella Huertas-Campos [1] ; Percy Herrera-Añazco [2] ; Vicente A. Benites-Zapata [3]
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[1] Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas
Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas
Perú
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[2] Universidad Privada del Norte
Universidad Privada del Norte
Provincia de Trujillo, Perú
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[3] Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola
Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola
Perú
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- Localización: Journal of Optometry: peer-reviewed Journal of the Spanish General Council of Optometry, ISSN-e 1888-4296, Vol. 17, Nº. 3, 2024
- Idioma: inglés
- Enlaces
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Resumen
Objective To assess the association between ethnicity and self-reported refractive errors (REs) among Peruvian children aged 7–11 years.
Materials and methods We conducted a cross-sectional study incorporating a secondary data analysis of 2017–2021 data from the Peruvian Demographic and Health Survey (DHS). REs and ethnicity were obtained from focal child's mother's report. Four outcomes were assessed: hyperopia, myopia, astigmatism and any RE. We included potential confounders, such as age, sex, wealth index, area of residence, region of origin, frequency of watching TV and watching screens at less than 30 cm distance. Generalised linear models with the Poisson family and log link function were used to calculate crude prevalence ratio and adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).
Results Data from a total of 52,753 children were included. The prevalence of RE in children aged 7–11 years was 10.90% (95% CI 10.49–11.33), of which 5.19% were hyperopia, 3.35% myopia and 2.36% astigmatism. Those of the Aymara ethnicity were less likely to suffer from any RE and astigmatism (aPR = 0.68, 95% CI 0.46–0.99, p = 0.046; aPR = 0.70, 95% CI 0.53–0.92, p = 0.012, respectively), Members of Amazon groups were more likely to have hyperopia (aPR = 1.95, 95% CI 1.14–3.36, p = 0.015) and Quechuas were more likely to have myopia (aPR =1.29, 95% CI 1.02–1.62, p = 0.028), where all were compared to Mestizos.
Conclusion About 1 in 10 Peruvian children suffer from a RE. The most frequent RE in this study was hyperopia. Ethnic differences were seen in the frequency of RE.
