Mean cycloplegic refractive error in emmetropic adults – The Tehran Eye Study

Jos J. Rozema; Rafael Iribarren; Hassan Hashemi; Mehdi Khabazkhoob; Akbar Fotouhi

Ayuda

Mean cycloplegic refractive error in emmetropic adults – The Tehran Eye Study

Jos J. Rozema ^[1] ^[2] ^[3] ; Rafael Iribarren ^[7] ; Hassan Hashemi ^[4] ; Mehdi Khabazkhoob ^[5] ; Akbar Fotouhi ^[6]
1. [1] University of Antwerp
  
  University of Antwerp
  
  Arrondissement Antwerpen, Bélgica
2. [2] Antwerp University Hospital
  
  Antwerp University Hospital
  
  Arrondissement Antwerpen, Bélgica
3. [3] University of Leipzig
  
  University of Leipzig
  
  Kreisfreie Stadt Leipzig, Alemania
4. [4] Noor Eye Hospital
  
  Noor Eye Hospital
  
  Irán
5. [5] Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
  
  Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
  
  Irán
6. [6] Tehran University of Medical Sciences
  
  Tehran University of Medical Sciences
  
  Irán
7. [7] Drs. Iribarren Eye Consultants, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Localización: Journal of Optometry: peer-reviewed Journal of the Spanish General Council of Optometry, ISSN-e 1888-4296, Vol. 17, Nº. 3, 2024
Idioma: inglés
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Resumen
- Purpose In children under 20 years, refractive development targets a cycloplegic refractive error of +0.5 to +1.5D, while presbyopes over 40 years generally have non-cycloplegic errors of ≥ +1D. Some papers suggest these periods are separated by a period of myopic refractive error (i.e., ≤ –0.50D), but this remains unclear. Hence, this work investigates the mean cycloplegic refractive error in adults aged between 20 – 40 years.
  
  Methods In 2002 a cross-sectional study with stratified cluster sampling was performed on the population of Tehran, providing cycloplegic and non-cycloplegic refractive error data for the right eyes of 3,576 participants, aged 30.6±18.6 years (range: 1–86 years). After grouping these data into age groups of 5 years, the refractive error histogram of each group was fitted to a Bigaussian function. The mean of the central, emmetropized peak was used to estimate the mean refractive error without the influence of myopia.
  
  Results The mean cycloplegic refractive error at the emmetropized peak decreased from +1.10±0.11D (95 % confidence interval) to +0.50±0.04D before 20 years and remains stable at that value until the age of 50 years. The non-cycloplegic refractive error also sees a stable phase at 0.00±0.04D between 15 – 45 years. After 45 – 50 years both cycloplegic and non-cycloplegic refractive error become more hypermetropic over time, +1.14±0.12D at 75 years.
  
  Conclusions The cycloplegic refractive error in adults is about +0.50D between 20 – 50 years, disproving the existence of the myopic period at those ages.