Tratamiento de la insuficiencia cardíaca avanzada mediante trasplante de corazón

• Autores: Sergio Morán V, Pablo Castro G, Ricardo Zalaquett, Pedro Becker R, Bernardita Garayar, Manuel José Irarrázaval, Jorge Jalil, Guillermo Lema F, Alejandro Fajuri N, Osvaldo Pérez P., Alejandro Martínez S, Eugenio Marchant Díaz, Gastón Chamorro
• Localización: Revista Médica de Chile, ISSN-e 0034-9887, Vol. 129, Nº. 1, 2001, págs. 9-17
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Heart transplantation as a treatment for advanced heart failure
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• Resumen

  • Background: Heart transplantation currently provides the most effective treatment for advanced heart failure. However, medical therapy for this condition has also improved, heart donors are scarce and the cost of the procedure is high. Therefore the indications and management of these patients need reevaluation. Aim: To analyze the results of 24 patients submitted to heart transplantation for end-stage heart failure needing repeated hospitalizations and i.v. inotropes for compensation. Patients and methods: The group was comprised by 21 men and 3 women with a mean age of 36.8 years, mean left ventricular ejection fraction 19±4.5%, mean systolic pulmonary artery pressure 48±13 mmHg (24-70) and mean pulmonary vascular resistance 2.6 Wood Units (1-5). Fourteen patients (58%) had a previous median sternotomy. Immunosupression did not include induction therapy and steroids were discontinued early. Results: Operative mortality was 4% at 30 days. Actuarial survival at one year was 90% and at 5 years 72%. Freedom from rejection at one year was 76% and at 5 years 50%. Freedom from infection was 70% at one year and 56.5% at five years. All patients with more than 3 months of follow-up were in functional class I. Conclusions: These results justify the proposed modifications for transplantation protocols (Rev Méd Chile 2001; 129: 9-17).