Seroprevalencia de virus hepatitis B en niños con cáncer en tratamiento quimioterápico en 6 hospitales de Santiago de Chile

• Marcela Zubieta ^[3] ; María E Santolaya ^[4] ; Carmen Hurtado ^[1] ; Ana M Alvarez ^[2] ; Carmen L Avilés ^[5] ; Ana Becker ^[6] ; Javier Brahm ^[1] ; Carmen Salgado ^[3] ; Pamela Silva ^[5] ; Santiago Topelberg ^[7] ; Juan Tordecilla ^[7] ; Mónica Varas ^[2] ; Milena Villarroel ^[4] ; Tamara Viviani ^[6]
  1. [1] Universidad de Chile

     Universidad de Chile

     Santiago, Chile

     
  2. [2] Hospital San Juan de Dios

     Hospital San Juan de Dios

     Santiago, Chile

     
  3. [3] Hospital Exequiel González Cortés
  4. [4] Hospital Luis Calvo Mackennna
  5. [5] Hospital San Borja Arriarán
  6. [6] Hospital Sótero del Río
  7. [7] Hospital Roberto del Río

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• Localización: Revista Médica de Chile, ISSN-e 0034-9887, Vol. 137, Nº. 7, 2009, págs. 906-911
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus in children with cancer under chemotherapy in 6 hospitals of Santiago, Chile
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• Resumen

  • Background: Children under oncological therapy are at risk of infection by hepatitis B virus (HBV). Aim: To determine the prevalence of infection of HBV in children with cancer who have undergone chemotherapy or have had a hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Material and methods: Collaborative, multi-centric study. Serum samples were collected from 281 children with cancer and episodes of febrile neutropenia, from 6 hospitals belonging to the public health network in the Metropolitan Region, between June 2004 and August 2006. These samples were stored at -70-'C. In September 2006, 200 samples were randomly chosen and 170 analyzed to determine hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) and anticore total antibodies (anti HBc) by fluorescent ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay). In five cases in which a low volume of sample was available, only one marker was studied (HBsAg in two and anti HBc in three). Results: Samples carne from children aged 4 months to 18 years, 104 males (61%). They had received an average of 38 transfusions (range 3-107) from 65 donors (range 3-345). Twelve children were found positive for some marker of HBV: HBsAg in three (1.8%) and anti HBc in ten (7%). In 5 patients that had negative HBsAg and positive anti HBc, anti surface antigen antibodies (anti HBs) were determined and resulted positive in four Conclusions: The prevalence of HBV in this sample was 7% if both serologic markers are considered and 1.8% if only HBsAg is considered.